The Roots of Evil

“Evil is the most serious of our moral problems. All over the world cruelty, greed, prejudice, and fanaticism ruin the lives of countless victims. Outrage provokes outrage. Millions nurture seething hatred of real or imagined enemies, revealing savage and destructive tendencies in human nature. Understanding this challenges our optimistic illusions about the effectiveness of reason and morality in bettering human lives. But abandoning these illusions is vitally important because they are obstacles to countering the threat of evil. The aim of this book is to explain why people act in these ways and what can be done about it.”—John Kekes

The first part of this book is a detailed discussion of six horrible cases of evil: the Albigensian Crusade of about 1210; Robespierre's Terror of 1793–94; Franz Stangl, who commanded a Nazi death camp in 1943–44; the 1969 murders committed by Charles Manson and his "family"; the "dirty war" conducted by the Argentinean military dictatorship of the late 1970s; and the activities of a psychopath named John Allen, who recorded reminiscences in 1975. John Kekes includes these examples not out of sensationalism, but rather to underline the need to hold vividly in our minds just what evil is. The second part shows why, in Kekes's view, explanations of evil inspired by Christianity and the Enlightenment fail to account for these cases and then provides an original explanation of evil in general and of these instances of it in particular.

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The Roots of Evil

“Evil is the most serious of our moral problems. All over the world cruelty, greed, prejudice, and fanaticism ruin the lives of countless victims. Outrage provokes outrage. Millions nurture seething hatred of real or imagined enemies, revealing savage and destructive tendencies in human nature. Understanding this challenges our optimistic illusions about the effectiveness of reason and morality in bettering human lives. But abandoning these illusions is vitally important because they are obstacles to countering the threat of evil. The aim of this book is to explain why people act in these ways and what can be done about it.”—John Kekes

The first part of this book is a detailed discussion of six horrible cases of evil: the Albigensian Crusade of about 1210; Robespierre's Terror of 1793–94; Franz Stangl, who commanded a Nazi death camp in 1943–44; the 1969 murders committed by Charles Manson and his "family"; the "dirty war" conducted by the Argentinean military dictatorship of the late 1970s; and the activities of a psychopath named John Allen, who recorded reminiscences in 1975. John Kekes includes these examples not out of sensationalism, but rather to underline the need to hold vividly in our minds just what evil is. The second part shows why, in Kekes's view, explanations of evil inspired by Christianity and the Enlightenment fail to account for these cases and then provides an original explanation of evil in general and of these instances of it in particular.

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The Roots of Evil

The Roots of Evil

by John Kekes
The Roots of Evil

The Roots of Evil

by John Kekes

eBook

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Overview

“Evil is the most serious of our moral problems. All over the world cruelty, greed, prejudice, and fanaticism ruin the lives of countless victims. Outrage provokes outrage. Millions nurture seething hatred of real or imagined enemies, revealing savage and destructive tendencies in human nature. Understanding this challenges our optimistic illusions about the effectiveness of reason and morality in bettering human lives. But abandoning these illusions is vitally important because they are obstacles to countering the threat of evil. The aim of this book is to explain why people act in these ways and what can be done about it.”—John Kekes

The first part of this book is a detailed discussion of six horrible cases of evil: the Albigensian Crusade of about 1210; Robespierre's Terror of 1793–94; Franz Stangl, who commanded a Nazi death camp in 1943–44; the 1969 murders committed by Charles Manson and his "family"; the "dirty war" conducted by the Argentinean military dictatorship of the late 1970s; and the activities of a psychopath named John Allen, who recorded reminiscences in 1975. John Kekes includes these examples not out of sensationalism, but rather to underline the need to hold vividly in our minds just what evil is. The second part shows why, in Kekes's view, explanations of evil inspired by Christianity and the Enlightenment fail to account for these cases and then provides an original explanation of evil in general and of these instances of it in particular.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780801471308
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Publication date: 02/15/2014
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 278
File size: 764 KB
Age Range: 18 Years

About the Author

John Kekes is the author of many books, most recently The Illusions of Egalitarianism and The Art of Life, both from Cornell.

Table of Contents

Contents Preface 00 Chapter 1. Introduction: The Problem and the Approach 00 1.1 What Is Evil? 00 1.2 Approaches to Explanation 00 1.3 Toward an Adequate Explanation 00 1.4 The Approach 00 Part One: Forms of Evil 00 Chapter 2. The Sleep of Reason 00 2.1 Crusade against the Cathars 00 2.2 Possible Excuses 00 2.3 Appeal to Faith 00 2.4 The Permanent Threat of Faith 00 2.5 Faith and Evil 00 Chapter 3. Perilous Dreams 00 3.1 Background 00 3.2 The Terror 00 3.3 The Ideologue 00 3.4 Justification by Ideology 00 3.5 Ideology and Evil 00 Chapter 4. A Fatal Fusion 00 4.1 Inferno 00 4.2 The Man 00 4.3 His Responsibility and Choices 00 4.4 His Character 00 4.5 Ambition and Evil 00 Chapter 5. The Revenge of Ruined Pride 00 5.1 The Crimes and the Criminal 00 5.2 The Vice 00 5.3 The Motive 00 5.4 The Judgment 00 5.5 Envy and Evil 00 Chapter 6. Wickedness in High Places 00 6.1 What Was Done 00 6.2 Why Was It Done 00 6.3 Failed Justification 00 6.4 Condemnation 00 6.5 Honor and Evil 00 Chapter 7. Disenchantment with Ordinary Life 00 7.1 The Psychopath 00 7.2 Boredom 00 7.3 Prevalence 00 7.4 The Thrill of Evil 00 7.5 Boredom and Evil 00 Chapter 8. Taking Stock 00 8.1 Sources of Evil 00 8.2 Responsibility 00 8.3 Intention 00 8.4 Realism about Evil 00 8.5 The Approach 00 Part Two: Explanations of Evil 00 Chapter 9. External Explanations 00 9.1 Four Types of Explanation 00 9.2 Evil as Unavoidable 00 9.3 Reasons against Explaining Evil as Unavoidable 00 9.4 Evil as Corruption 00 9.5 Reasons against Explaining Evil as Corruption 00 Chapter 10. A Biological Explanation 00 10.1 Natural Goodness and Defect 00 10.2 The Human Good 00 10.3 Practical Reason 00 10.4 What Reason Requires and Allows 00 10.5 Nature and Evil 00 Chapter 11. Internal Explanations 00 11.1 Evil as Malfunction 00 11.2 Reasons against Explaining Evil as Malfunction 00 11.3 Evil as Natural 00 11.4 Reasons against Explaining Evil as Natural 00 11.5 Transition to Mixed Explanation 00 Chapter 12. The Mixed Explanation 00 12.1 Preamble 00 12.2 The Conditions 00 12.3 The Internal Condition 00 12.4 The External Condition 00 12.5 Reason 00 Chapter 13. Responsibility 00 13.1 The Approach 00 13.2 The Account 00 13.3 Excuses 00 13.4 Intention 00 13.5 Shibboleths 00 Chapter 14. Toward Elementary Decency 00 14.1 The Secular Problem of Evil 00 14.2 Morality 00 14.3 Internal Reasons 00 14.4 External Reasons 00 14.5 The Permanent Threat of Evil 00 Chapter 15. Conclusion: What Is to Be Done? 00 15.1 Changing Internal Conditions 00 15.2 Changing External Conditions 00 15.3 Summary 00 Notes 00 Works Cited 00 Index 00

What People are Saying About This

Lawrence Becker

This is a wonderful book. The writing is beautifully clear, brisk, and memorable. The organization of the argument is excellent, and the surefootedness and balance throughout are admirable. Kekes provides a thoroughly secular account of the nature and sources of evil as opposed to ordinary wrongs.

Harvey C. Mansfield

Evil is here defined as harm in excess and examined with the lucidity and clarity that distinguish John Kekes's books. His focus is on the thrill of evil, and his examples are stunning. This is a work of philosophy for every serious reader.

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