Explorer Travellers and Adventure Tourism
This book is an investigation of the relation between central bank's independence (CBI) with regard to influencing inflation. Considering proxies of CBI together with other macroeconomic variables (42 countries for the period 1960-2009), the study identifies determinants of inflation with particular focus on the CBI-inflation nexus. Employing Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimations, it was found that CBI affects inflation only when both the developed and the developing countries are considered together, but not when the sub-samples are considered independently. Results are interpreted with a degree of caution because a measure of CBI is an indistinct demonstration. In particular, the extent of an economy's openness has been found to be especially significant in influencing inflation (at both aggregate and disaggregate levels). GDP, historical inflationary trend, lack of political stability and high debt-GDP ratio have been additionally identified as significant factors influencing inflation (for the whole sample only and not when the developed and developing countries are considered in a mutually exclusive manner).
1300702466
Explorer Travellers and Adventure Tourism
This book is an investigation of the relation between central bank's independence (CBI) with regard to influencing inflation. Considering proxies of CBI together with other macroeconomic variables (42 countries for the period 1960-2009), the study identifies determinants of inflation with particular focus on the CBI-inflation nexus. Employing Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimations, it was found that CBI affects inflation only when both the developed and the developing countries are considered together, but not when the sub-samples are considered independently. Results are interpreted with a degree of caution because a measure of CBI is an indistinct demonstration. In particular, the extent of an economy's openness has been found to be especially significant in influencing inflation (at both aggregate and disaggregate levels). GDP, historical inflationary trend, lack of political stability and high debt-GDP ratio have been additionally identified as significant factors influencing inflation (for the whole sample only and not when the developed and developing countries are considered in a mutually exclusive manner).
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Explorer Travellers and Adventure Tourism

Explorer Travellers and Adventure Tourism

by Jennifer Laing
Explorer Travellers and Adventure Tourism

Explorer Travellers and Adventure Tourism

by Jennifer Laing

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Overview

This book is an investigation of the relation between central bank's independence (CBI) with regard to influencing inflation. Considering proxies of CBI together with other macroeconomic variables (42 countries for the period 1960-2009), the study identifies determinants of inflation with particular focus on the CBI-inflation nexus. Employing Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimations, it was found that CBI affects inflation only when both the developed and the developing countries are considered together, but not when the sub-samples are considered independently. Results are interpreted with a degree of caution because a measure of CBI is an indistinct demonstration. In particular, the extent of an economy's openness has been found to be especially significant in influencing inflation (at both aggregate and disaggregate levels). GDP, historical inflationary trend, lack of political stability and high debt-GDP ratio have been additionally identified as significant factors influencing inflation (for the whole sample only and not when the developed and developing countries are considered in a mutually exclusive manner).

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781845414573
Publisher: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Publication date: 08/01/2014
Series: Tourism and Cultural Change , #40
Pages: 263
Product dimensions: 5.83(w) x 8.27(h) x 0.57(d)

Table of Contents

1 Introducing the Explorer Traveller 1

Prologue: A Time of Gifts (Patrick Leigh Fermor, 1977) 1

Introducing the Explorer Traveller 3

The Explorer Traveller Discourse 6

A Typology of Explorer Traveller 11

Some Themes 15

Scope and Structure of this Book 16

Part 1 The Hero's Journey

2 The Call to Adventure 23

The Serendipitous Call 23

Objects or Talismans 24

Childhood Influences 25

Motivations Behind Exploration 30

The Explorer's Gene 41

3 Preparation and Departure 43

Selecting the Team 44

The Planning Phase: Routes, Logistics and Training 46

Clothing 50

Sponsorship 52

Crossing the Threshold 53

Rituals of Departure 55

Saying Goodbye 57

4 The Journey 59

The Goal or Boon 59

Initiation and the Road of Trails 64

The Apotheosis 76

5 The Return 80

The Long Wait 81

Recrossing the Threshold 83

The Restless Return 86

Transformation 88

Constructing the Narrative 91

The Spoils of Exploration 95

Causes and Charities 96

Failure to Return 98

Part 2 Imagining Explorers

6 Fiction and the Myth of the Explorer 103

Imagining the Explorer 104

The Golden Age of Exploration Fiction 107

Parodying Explorers 113

New Finds 114

The Explorer's Legacy 119

7 Desert Island Castaways 121

Darker Modern Narratives 130

The Lost Explorers 136

8 Re-enactments 138

A Rationale for Dangerous Travel? 139

Solving a Mystery or Conundrum 141

Personal Challenge 146

Resurrect Reputations 147

Furthering Knowledge 148

Authenticity: The Explorer as a Role Model 150

Role Play 152

Revisiting the Past: Scott, Shackleton and Mawson 153

Part 3 Tourists at Play

9 Crossing Borders 165

Getting the Costume Right 168

Dress-Ups for Grown-Ups 169

A New Imperialism? 172

Australia 173

Africa 177

Asia 179

Venturing into Unsettled Territory 181

10 On Safari 183

The Group Tour 186

The Experience Economy 188

Blurred Lines 191

Challenges and Issues 193

Part 4 The Future

11 Destination Mars 205

The Race for Space 206

The New Frontier: Mars 208

Once Upon a Time, in a Galaxy Far, Far Away 211

Space Tourism 217

Exploring Mars: Fiction Versus Reality 222

Why Explore Space? 224

12 The Explorer Traveller: The Myth Continues 225

The Demonstration Effect 227

The Inner Journey 229

Walking the Camino Santiago 230

Food Explorers 236

A Research Agenda for Explorer Travel 238

The Cycle of Myth-Making 241

Sources A Participants Interviewed 242

Sources B Primary References 244

Secondary References 249

Index 260

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