| Abbreviations and Short Titles | | xiii | |
| Prologue: Looking at Romans | | 3 | (1) |
| | | 3 | (1) |
| The Purpose of the Inquiry | | | 4 | (7) |
| PART I WHAT KIND OF TEXT IS ROMANS? | |
| The Genre of the Letter to the Romans | | | 11 | (31) |
| What Are We Talking About? The Significance of Genre | | | 11 | (1) |
| Romans as a Greco-Roman Letter | | | 12 | (3) |
| Romans as an Essay with the Heading "Greetings!" | | | 15 | (3) |
| Romans as a Persuasive Discourse | | | 18 | (11) |
| | | 29 | (4) |
| Romans as a Letter of Commendation | | | 33 | (9) |
| Additional Note A. Patronage | | | 34 | (8) |
| The Letter to the Romans, the Jewish Scriptures, and the Law | | | 42 | (15) |
| What Did Paul Mean by "the Scriptures"? | | | 42 | (3) |
| What did Paul mean by "the Law"? | | | 45 | (5) |
| Additional Note B. Hebrew Tora and Greek Nomos | | | 47 | (3) |
| Hod Did Paul Interpret the Scriptures? | | | 50 | (7) |
| PART II LISTENING TO ROMANS | |
| The Epistolary Opening (1.1--15) | | | 57 | (10) |
| Additional Note C. Apostle | | | 64 | (2) |
| | | 66 | (1) |
| The Dissuasive (1.16--4.25): Against Dependence on Anything save the Justice and Mercy of God | | | 67 | (53) |
| The Nature of the Gospel (1.16--17) | | | 67 | (10) |
| Additional Note E. Honor and Shame | | | 72 | (3) |
| Additional Note F. Salvation | | | 75 | (1) |
| Additional Note G. The Salvation of Israel and the Healing of Creation | | | 75 | (1) |
| Additional Note H. Translating Dikaiosune | | | 76 | (1) |
| God's "No!" to Injustice (1.18--32) | | | 77 | (14) |
| Additional Note I. Romans 1--18--32 and Genesis 1--3 | | | 82 | (1) |
| | | 83 | (1) |
| Additional Note K. On the Significance of 1.26b--27 | | | 84 | (5) |
| Additional Note L. "Self--Control" | | | 89 | (2) |
| God's "No!" to Our Injustice (2.1--3.20) | | | 91 | (11) |
| | | 100 | (2) |
| God's "Yes!" through Jesus the Messiah (3.21--31) | | | 102 | (12) |
| Additional Note N. 3.24--26 as a Pre-Pauline Formula | | | 107 | (1) |
| Additional Note O. On Translating Pistis Christou | | | 108 | (3) |
| Additional Note P. Propitiation | | | 111 | (1) |
| Additional Note Q. The Interpretation of Hilasterion at Romans 3.25 as "Mercy Seat" | | | 112 | (1) |
| Additional Note R. The Meaning of Paresis at Romans 3.25 | | | 112 | (1) |
| Additional Note S. The Distinction between Ek and Dia at Romans 3.30 | | | 113 | (1) |
| The Example of Abraham (4.1--25) | | | 114 | (6) |
| Additional Note T. Problems in Translating Romans 4.1 | | | 118 | (2) |
| Demonstrating and Defense (5.1--11.36): Peace with God through Christ | | | 120 | (74) |
| | | 120 | (13) |
| Additional Note U. The Meaning of Eph'ho[i] at Romans 5.12 | | | 128 | (1) |
| Additional Note V. Solidarity | | | 129 | (4) |
| Defense 1. Does the Gospel Undermine Commandment? (6.1--8.39) | | | 133 | (26) |
| Additional Note W. On Translating Romans 6.5 | | | 137 | (18) |
| | | 155 | (1) |
| Additional Note Y. Spirit | | | 156 | (1) |
| | | 157 | (2) |
| Defense 2. Does the Gospel Call in Question God's Faithfulness to the Promises? (9.1--11.36) | | | 159 | (35) |
| Additional Note AA. The Eight Privileges of Israel at Romans 9--4--5 | | | 169 | (1) |
| Additional Note BB. On Translating Romans 9.5 | | | 170 | (1) |
| Additional Note CC. "The End of the Law" at Romans 10.4 | | | 171 | (1) |
| Additional Note DD. On the Interpretation of Romans 10.5--10 | | | 172 | (12) |
| Additional Note EE. Ministry | | | 184 | (2) |
| Additional Note FF. Calvin's Understanding of Romans 9--11 | | | 186 | (1) |
| Additional Note GG. Problems of Interpretation in Romans 11.15--16 | | | 187 | (1) |
| Additional Note HH. The Mystery | | | 188 | (1) |
| Additional Note II. The Salvation of All Israel | | | 189 | (4) |
| Additional Note JJ. On Problems of Translating 11.30--31 | | | 193 | (1) |
| Exhortation (12.1--15.13): An Invitation to the Christian Life | | | 194 | (28) |
| Grounds for the Exhortation: The Proper Response to God's Mercies (12.1--2) | | | 194 | (2) |
| Some Basic Principles for Life in the Church (12.3--13) | | | 196 | (5) |
| Additional Note KK. Moderation | | | 200 | (1) |
| Relations with the World at Large (12.14--13.14) | | | 201 | (10) |
| Additional Note LL. Further Thoughts on "the Authorities" | | | 208 | (2) |
| Additional Note MM. Public Servant | | | 210 | (1) |
| Further Notes on Life in the Church: The Problem of the "Strong" and the "Weak" (14.1--15.13) | | | 211 | (11) |
| Additional Note NN. Other Opinions about the "Strong" and the "Weak" | | | 215 | (2) |
| Additional Note OO. The Ethnic Composition of the Roman Church | | | 217 | (5) |
| Epistolary Conclusion (15.14--16.23) | | | 222 | (12) |
| | | 222 | (3) |
| Commendation of Phoebe (16.1--2) | | | 225 | (1) |
| Greetings to God's Household (16.1--2) | | | 226 | (4) |
| Paul in His Own Hand (16.17--20) | | | 230 | (2) |
| Greetings from Paul's Colleagues (16.21--23) | | | 232 | (2) |
| Epilogue: Unscientific Postscripts | | 234 | (5) |
| | | 234 | (2) |
| | | 236 | (1) |
| | | 237 | (2) |
| General Bibliography | | 239 | (24) |
| Index of Holy Scripture | | 263 | (6) |
| Index of Other Ancient Authors and Sources | | 269 | (3) |
| Index of Authors and Sources between 1000 and 1850 | | 272 | (1) |
| Index of Modern Authors and Sources | | 273 | (3) |
| Index of Subjects | | 276 | |
