| Acknowledgements | vii |
| Preface | viii |
| Final Status Map | x |
1 | Histories of the Conflict | 1 |
| Introduction | 1 |
| Zionist Roots and the First Wave of Jewish Immigration into Palestine | 2 |
| Theodor Herzl and the Emergence of Political Zionism | 3 |
| The Second Wave of Jewish Immigration into Palestine | 4 |
| The Balfour Declaration and the British Mandate | 5 |
| American Politics and the Settlement of the Holocaust Survivors | 13 |
| The End of the Mandate | 16 |
| The United Nations Debates the Future of Palestine | 17 |
| The Unofficial War | 18 |
| The First Arab-Israeli War | 20 |
| Post-War Negotiations: Peace Treaties, Borders and Refugees | 22 |
| 1956: The Suez Conflict | 27 |
| 1967: The Six Day War | 29 |
| Resolution 242 and the War of Attrition | 34 |
| Settlement Building and Economic Integration | 36 |
| Military Occupation/Administration | 41 |
| Nationalism and the Rise of the Opposition Movements | 42 |
| 1973: The October War | 47 |
| Conflict in Lebanon | 48 |
| Diplomacy and the Camp David Accords | 52 |
| 1982: The Invasion of Lebanon | 54 |
| 1987: The First Intifada | 61 |
| The Beginning of the Oslo Process | 67 |
| The Declaration of Principles | 69 |
| The Cairo Agreement and Oslo II | 72 |
| The Netanyahu Administration | 76 |
| The Barak Administration | 81 |
| The Camp David Final Status Talks | 83 |
| The Sharon Administration | 88 |
2 | Content Studies | 91 |
| Introduction | 91 |
| Content Analysis: Methods | 94 |
| Samples and Results | 99 |
Sample 1 | 28 September to 16 October 2000 | 99 |
| Additional Content Samples: October-December 2001, March-April 2002 | 156 |
Sample 2 | October-December 2001 | 160 |
Sample 3 | March 2002 | 182 |
Sample 4 | Jenin, April 2002 | 192 |
3 | Audience Studies | 200 |
| Introduction | 200 |
| Samples and Method | 200 |
| Focus Group Methods and Questions Asked | 202 |
| Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches | 204 |
| The Questionnaires | 207 |
| Results | 209 |
| Memories, Images and Associations | 209 |
| Sources of Information Used | 210 |
| Origins, History and Causes of the Conflict | 212 |
| The News Writing Exercise | 225 |
| Beliefs About Casualties | 231 |
| Cultural Identification and Empathy | 236 |
| Understanding and Interest in News | 240 |
4 | Why Does it Happen? | 244 |
| Factors in Production | 244 |
| Claims that the Media are Biased Against Israel | 250 |
| The US Connection | 252 |
5 | Conclusion | 257 |
Appendix 1 | Answers to Questions on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Student Groups | 261 |
Appendix 2 | Answers to Questions on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by Focus Groups | 270 |
Appendix 3 | Black Holes of History: Public Understanding and the Shaping of Our Past | 276 |
| Notes | 286 |
| References | 300 |
| Index | 305 |