Mine Health and Safety Management / Edition 1

by Michael Karmis

Overview

Mine Health and Safety Management presents aspects of management, leadership, regulation, and compliance that pertain to mining health and safety. It focuses on instilling a safety culture and fostering the ability to recognize and manage health and safety responsibilities and requirements. It details effective health and safety management systems and concentrates on safety and health hazard anticipation, identification, evaluation, and control. The book is intended for practicing engineers and supervisors, health and safety professionals, the research community, as well as undergraduate and graduate students in the minerals industry.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780873352000
Publisher:	Society for Mining Metallurgy & Exploration
Publication date:	02/28/2002
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	472
Product dimensions:	7.00(w) x 1.00(h) x 1.10(d)

Table of Contents

	List of Figures	xi
	List of Tables	xv
	Editorial Board	xvii
	Preface	xix
Chapter 1	History and Overview of Mine Health and Safety	1
	Introduction	1
	Early Legislation	2
	Historical Fatality Experience	2
	Federal Legislative History--Postorganic Act	3
	A Perspective on Progress	6
	Industry's March Toward Continuous Improvement	11
	Overview of Challenges to Further Progress	11
	Summary	12
	References	13
Part A	Effective Health and Safety Management Systems
Chapter 2	Health and Safety Management	17
	The Importance of Health and Safety Management in Mining	17
	The Evolution of Health and Safety Management	19
	The Impact of Mine Health and Safety Regulations	21
	Safety Versus Occupational Health	22
	Elements of Health and Safety Management	22
	The Systems Model of Health and Safety Management	24
	System Failures and Injury Dynamics in Mining	26
	Establishing Health and Safety Performance Goals	28
	Roles, Responsibilities, and Accountability	30
	The Health and Safety Professional	30
	Managing Change	31
	Measuring Health and Safety Performance	32
	The Future	34
	Information and Resources	36
	References	38
Chapter 3	Causes and Effects of Loss	39
	Introduction	39
	Definition of Loss	39
	Effects of Loss	40
	Energy Transfer as the Cause of Loss	42
	Technology-Driven Injury Severity	44
	Haddon's 10 Strategies for Preventing Loss	45
	Prediction--The Flawed Key to Prevention	45
	Active Versus Passive Countermeasures	46
	Injury or Disease?	47
	Appearance and Reality	47
	Separation in Time and Place of Cause and Effect	48
	Summary	48
	References	48
Chapter 4	Measurement Techniques in Safety Management	51
	Introduction	51
	Measurements of Results	51
	Measurements of Results--Accidents	52
	Reasons for Using Accident Frequency and Severity Rates	53
	Disadvantages of Accident Frequency and Severity Rates	54
	Measurements of Results--Attitude	55
	Measurements of Causes	57
	Measurements of Effort	60
	Measurements of Effort--Routine Checks	61
	Measurements of Effort--Management Systems Audits	62
	Developing an Objective Audit	63
	Using Measurements of Effort	64
Chapter 5	Applications of Behavioral Science to Improve Mine Safety	65
Principle 1	Focus Intervention on Observable Behavior	66
Principle 2	Look for External Factors to Improve Performance	66
Principle 3	Focus on Positive Consequences to Motivate Safety Improvement	67
	Don't Rely on Common Sense	67
	The "Do It" Process	68
	Three Types of Behavior	70
	Three Kinds of Intervention Strategies	70
	Accountability Versus Responsibility	73
	Summary and Conclusions	77
	References	79
Chapter 6	Engineering for Health and Safety	83
	Fundamentals of Safety and Health Engineering	83
	Hazard Recognition, Evaluation, and Control	86
	Designing for People and Their Safety and Health	90
	Management Systems	93
	Summary	96
	References	96
Chapter 7	Federal Regulation of Mine Safety and Health	99
	Introduction	99
	Overview of the Regulatory Program	99
	Origins of the Mine Act	101
	Scope of Regulation	102
	Regulatory Scheme	103
	MSHA Inspections	103
	Enforcement	104
	Informal Review of Citations and Orders	106
	Investigations	107
	Penalties for Violations	109
	Legal Proceedings	111
	Conclusion	112
Chapter 8	Other Regulatory Requirements Impacting Mining	115
	Jurisdiction: Who are the Regulators?	115
	Agencies Regulating Health and Safety at Mining Operations	116
	Conclusion	124
Part B	Building a Health and Safety Culture
Chapter 9	Management Strategy and System for Education and Training	127
	Defining the Discipline	127
	Developing a Learning Organization Culture	127
	Facilitating Adult Learning	128
	Beyond Compliance to Excellence	130
	The Essence: Why--Who--When--Where--What--How	131
	Methods, Media, and Materials	143
	Return on Investment: The Fifth Level in Evaluating Results	145
	References	145
Appendix	OSHA and MSHA Training Requirements	147
Chapter 10	Mine Safety in the Twenty-First Century: The Application of Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality	153
	Introduction	153
	Safety in the Mining Industry	153
	Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality Technology	155
	Improving Safety Awareness with Graphics and Video Training	158
	Safety Through Ergonomic Design	159
	Major Incidents and Hazards	160
	Infrequent Process Planning	162
	Equipment Simulation	163
	Accident Reconstruction	164
	Assessing the Risk	166
	Improving Hazard Awareness	167
	Conclusions	171
	References	172
Chapter 11	Inspections and Auditing	175
	Introduction	175
	Safety Audit	175
	Audit Checklist	179
	Audit Quality	180
	Proprietorship	180
	Announced and Unannounced Safety Audits	180
	Reporting and Posting Audit Results	181
	Audit Follow-Up	181
	Conclusion	181
Chapter 12	Incident Reporting and Analysis	183
	Introduction	183
	Responsibilities and Training	184
	Incident Analysis and Reporting Forms	185
	Definitions	185
	Reporting Responsibility	186
	The Analysis Team	187
	Employee Perceptions	189
	Timing	189
	Guidelines for Collecting Facts	189
	Reports	191
Chapter 13	Safety Communications	195
	Introduction	195
	Practical Definition	195
	Guiding Principles and Improvement Tips	196
	Personal Communications	199
	Group/Team Communications	206
	Safety Promotion Guidelines	211
	References	215
Chapter 14	Task Analysis and Observation	217
	Introduction	217
	Task Analysis: Not to be Confused with Job Safety Analysis	217
	Who Should Conduct Task Analysis?	218
	Guidelines for Conducting Task Analysis	218
	Task Observation as a Tool	219
	Making Task Observation a Formal Procedure	220
Chapter 15	Emergency Preparedness and Response	221
	Introduction	221
	Identifying the Potential for Emergencies	221
	Secondary Escape Ways and Refuge Chambers	222
	Ventilation Reliability	222
	Selecting Equipment for Emergency Use	222
	Emergency Response Plan	222
	Mine Rescue	223
	Ventilation Planning	223
	Mine Maps	223
	Mine Alarm System	223
	Surprise Drills	223
	Analysis of an Emergency Response Plan	224
	Mine Emergency	224
Chapter 16	Contractor Health and Safety	227
	Introduction	227
	Independent Contractors: When, Where, and Why	227
	Legal Responsibility and Liability	228
	Safety and Health Partnership with MSHA	233
	Structuring the Relationship	233
	Maintaining the Relationship	235
	References	236
Chapter 17	The Role of Miners in Ensuring Safe and Healthy Working Conditions: a Perspective of Miners and Their Representatives	237
	Introduction	237
	Assistance in Building a Health and Safety Culture Through Mine-Specific and Industry-Wide Inspections	237
	No Advance Notice	239
	Requesting an Inspection Under the Mine Act	239
	Confidentiality	239
	Requesting a NIOSH Inspection for Health Purposes	239
	Accident Prevention	239
	Daily Examinations to Protect Miners	240
	Citations, Orders, and Penalties	240
	Miners and Miner's Representatives' Involvement: Promulgation, Revision, Modification, and Revocation of Mandatory Health and Safety Standards	241
	Protection Against Discrimination	242
	Training of Miners	242
	Conclusion	243
Part C	Safety and Health Hazard Anticipation, Identification, Evaluation, and Control
Chapter 18	Hazard Identification, Risk Management, and Hazard Control	247
	Introduction	247
	General Definition of Accident--Loss Control Perspective	248
	Hazard Identification Overview	249
	Risk Management	253
	Acknowledgment	260
	References	260
Chapter 19	Industrial Hygiene in Mining	263
	Introduction	263
	Fundamental Principles of Industrial Hygiene	264
	References	273
Chapter 20	Control of Respirable Dust	275
	Lung Diseases of Miners	275
	Permissible Exposure Limits	276
	Dust Control Technology and Practices	276
	References	294
Chapter 21	Noise	297
	Introduction	297
	The Physics of Sound	299
	Diagnosing Noise-Induced Hearing Loss	302
	Noise Standards	302
	Hearing Conservation Programs	304
	Summary	305
	Acknowledgment	306
	References	306
Chapter 22	Other Industrial Hygiene Concerns	307
	Metals	307
	Welding	311
	Diesel Exhaust Emissions	316
	Solvents	321
	Sulfuric Acid	324
	Cyanides	325
	Thermal Stressors	328
	Work at High Altitudes	337
	Biohazards	340
	References	342
Chapter 23	Ground Control Issues for Safety Professionals	347
	Introduction	347
	Sources of Data	347
	Legal Framework	348
	Roof Control Plans	350
	Groundfall Hazards and Best Practices to Control Them	351
	Surface Highwalls and Slopes	365
	Conclusion	365
	References	366
Chapter 24	Mine Fires and Explosions	369
	Basic Concepts	369
	Control of Fires and Explosions	371
	References	377
Chapter 25	Mining with Explosives: Safety First	379
	Introduction	379
	Elementary Blasting Mechanics	380
	Regulation and Classification of Explosive Materials	380
Chapter 26	Haulage	397
	Introduction	397
	Types of Accidents	397
	Safety Issues for Major Types of Powered Haulage	399
	Sources of Information About Haulage Safety	404
	Research and Emerging Technologies to Reduce Accidents	405
	Summary	406
	References	407
Chapter 27	Electrical Safety	409
	Introduction	409
	Federal Regulations	410
	Overview of Mine Power Systems	411
	Electrical Hazards	413
	Perception of Electric Current	416
	Grounding	419
	Ground Beds and Ground Bed Design	426
	Electrical Safety Programs	432
	Summary	435
	References	435
	List of Acronyms	437
	Index	441