Career, Work, and Mental Health: Integrating Career and Personal Counseling / Edition 1

by Vernon G. Zunker

Overview

Individuals seeking career counseling often present a complex array of issues, and thus it is often difficult for counselors to separate career satisfaction and development from other mental health issues. Career, Work, and Mental Health examines this tightly woven connection between mental health issues and career development and offers practical ways for counselors to blend career and personal counseling. Taking this integrative approach, author Vernon Zunker offers step-by-step procedures for delivering effective intervention strategies-tactics that are meaningful and relevant to career choice, career development, and the interconnectedness of personal problems.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781412964241
Publisher:	SAGE Publications
Publication date:	06/05/2008
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	288
Product dimensions:	7.00(w) x 9.90(h) x 0.70(d)

About the Author

Vernon G. Zunker, (Ed.D. University of Houston, postdoctoral training at the University of Texas Medical School at Galveston, where he completed a residency in clinical psychology) is professor emeritus, Texas State University. Dr. Zunker had a joint appointment during most of his tenure at Texas State University where he was Director of the Counseling Center for 18 years and taught graduate courses in counseling for 24 years. In addition, he established a student learning resource center, a career development resource center, and was instrumental in the development of a testing center and the university's credit-by-examination program. Dr. Zunker, a licensed psychologist, was also a consultant to the Texas Rehabilitation Commission for more than two decades. He was a member of statewide committee for several years that was charged with the responsibility of selecting psychological assessment instruments for the state vocational rehabilitation testing program that established eligibility of its clients. He has written seven editions of Career Counseling: A Holistic Approach (5th edition translated into Chinese, and 6th edition translated into Korean,) four editions of Using Assessment for Career Development and three editions as co-author. He has also authored two editions of A Dream Come True: Robert Hugman and San Antonio's Riverwalk (translated into Japanese.) He considers his almost 3 years of sailing in the Merchant Marine as one of his greatest learning experiences. He often told his students that as a teenager on his own in a number of foreign countries, he learned to appreciate the significance of cultural differences. He and his wife Rosalie and canine companion, Toddi, reside in San Antonio.

Table of Contents

Preface     xi
Acknowledgments     xv
Career Counseling Perspectives     1
Introduction     3
Some Perspectives of Personal and Career Development Counseling     3
Multidimensional Influences Shape Behavior     6
Focusing on Multiple Life Roles     6
The Pervasive Nature of Psychological Disorders     7
The Pervasive Nature of Work Stress     8
The Case for Each Client's Cognitive Schemas     8
Recognizing and Uncovering Constraints of Career Choice     9
Cultural Diversity and Acculturation     10
The Practice of Career Counseling: An Overview     12
How This Book Is Organized     13
Summary     13
Supplementary Learning Exercises     13
Career Development Theories: An Overview     15
Career Development Theories     15
Trait-Oriented Theories     16
Trait-and-Factor Theory     16
Person-Environment Correspondence Counseling     17
John Holland's Typology     19
Trait-Oriented Theories in Perspective     21
Social Learning and Cognitive Theories     22
Krumboltz's Learning Theory of Career Choice     22
Career Development From a Cognitive Information-Processing Perspective     23
Social Cognitive Career Theory     25
Social Learning and Cognitive Theories in Perspective     26
Developmental Theories of Career Choice     26
Life-Span, Life-Space Approach     26
Circumscription, Compromise, and Creation: A Developmental Theory of Occupational Aspirations     29
Developmental Theories of Career Choice in Perspective     30
Person-in-Environment Perspectives     31
Career Construction: A Developmental Theory of Vocational Behavior     32
Summary of Career Development Theory Perspectives     34
Summary     34
Supplementary Learning Exercises     35
Career Counseling Practices     37
A Learning Theory of Career Counseling     38
Intake Interview     40
Using Assessment Results for Career Counseling     43
Interventions     46
Whole-Person Approach to Career and Personal Concerns     48
Summary     53
Supplementary Learning Exercises     53
Constraints Affecting Career Choice and Development     55
Model of American Class Structure     56
Socioeconomic Status      56
Social Class and Socialization     59
Potential Career Choice Constraints     61
Self-Efficacy for Effective Behavior     66
Summary     70
Supplementary Learning Exercises     72
Career Choice and Development and the Changing Nature of Work     73
Initial Career Choice: The Shaping Process     74
Career Choice Perspectives From Career Development Theories     77
Career Choice: A Central Component of a Person's Identity     78
Economic Restructuring     82
Loss of Internal Career Ladders     84
A Prevalent Career Model: Boundaryless Careers     85
Contract Breach     86
Some Career Barriers     87
Summary     89
Supplementary Learning Exercises     91
Mental Health Issues and Solutions     93
Depression and Its Impact on Career Development     95
Biopsychosocial Model     96
Development of a Mood Disorder: Depression     98
Biological Dimensions     100
Psychological Dimensions     101
Learned Helplessness and Depression     102
Social and Cultural Dimensions     103
The Career Counseling Connection      105
Summary     109
Supplementary Learning Exercises     109
Other Mental Health Issues and Career Concerns     111
Concerns Associated With Apprehension and Fear     112
Some Causes of Anxiety Disorders     114
Intervention Strategies     115
Concerns Associated With Fear of Social Situations and Being Around Others     116
Influences That Can Lead to Social Phobic Behavior     116
Effective Interventions     117
Fear of Health Problems That Are Nonexistent     119
Effective Interventions     119
Substance-Related Disorders     120
Depressants     121
Stimulants     122
Opiates     122
Hallucinogens     122
Some Causes of Substance Abuse     123
Effective Interventions     124
The Career-Work Connection     125
Schizophrenia     126
Some Causes of Schizophrenia     127
Interventions     127
Summary     129
Supplementary Learning Exercises     130
Cultural Diversity Dimensions     131
Some Perspectives of Culture     132
Culturally Developed Cognitive Schemas      135
The Cultural Self and Its Career Development Implications     137
Focus on Some Different Worldviews in the Helping Process     139
Family Views     139
Competition Versus Cooperation     140
Communication Styles     140
Locus of Control     141
Some Mental Health Issues of Cultural Groups     142
Abnormality: Universal and Culture-Specific Factors     144
Anxiety Disorders     144
Mood Disorders: Depression     145
Personality Disorders     147
Schizophrenia     148
Somatoform Disorders     149
Summary     150
Supplementary Learning Exercises     151
Personality Development and Disorders and Their Effect on Career     153
Some Personality Factors in Perspective     154
Social Learning and Cognitive Perspectives     155
Secure Relationships     157
Personal Goals     158
Gender and Cultural Diversity Issues     158
Personality Disorders     161
Cluster A Personality Disorders     162
Cluster A Personality Disorders in Perspective     165
Cluster B Personality Disorders     165
Cluster B Personality Disorders in Perspective     169
Cluster C Personality Disorders     169
Cluster C Personality Disorders in Perspective     172
An Overview of Personality Disorders     173
Summary     174
Supplementary Learning Exercises     175
Assessing Personality Development Through Personality Inventories     175
Personality Factors from the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire     178
Global or Second-Order Factors     182
An Integrative Perspective     183
The NEO Personality Inventory-Revised     186
Some Big Five Factor Research Results     185
Implications for Interventions From the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised Domains and Facets     189
Personality-Outcome Relationships     191
Summary     193
Supplementary Learning Exercises     193
Work Stress     195
Stress Process From an Interactionist Viewpoint     197
Type A Behavior     198
Job Stressors     199
Work Overload     200
Role Ambiguity     200
Technostress     201
Under- and Overpromotion     202
Spillover     202
Electronic Performance Monitoring      202
Work Stressors in Specific Occupations     203
Dimensions of Psychological Well-Being and Good Mental Health     204
Work-Family Stress     207
Coping Strategies to Reduce the Effects of Stress     208
Self-Efficacy     208
Self-Esteem     209
Social Support     209
Cultural Diversity Issues     210
Summary     213
Supplementary Learning Exercises     214
Interventions and Case Studies     215
Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques     216
Problem Solving     216
Assertiveness Training and Behavioral Rehearsal     217
Systematic Desensitization     218
Cognitive Restructuring     220
Cognitive Schemas     223
Ellis's A-B-C Theory of Personality     224
Self-Enhancing Thoughts     225
Homework Assignments     227
Stress Inoculation Training     228
Three Case Studies     230
High-Levels of Anxiety: The Case of John     230
The Case of Corrina, a Hypochondriac     233
Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder: The Case of Yolanda     235
Summary     239
Supplementary Learning Exercises     239
Acculturation Scales     241
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition, Text Revision) Classification System     243
References     245
Name Index     259
Subject Index     265
About the Author     269