Ischemia and Loss of Vascular Autoregulation in Ocular and Cerebral Diseases: A New Perspective / Edition 1

by Maurice E. Langham

Overview

Ischemia and Loss of Vascular Autoregulation in Ocular and Cerebral Diseases: A New Perspective presents evidence that ischemia and loss of autoregulation of blood flow are associated with the onset of the major ocular and cerebral diseases including macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, low and normal tension open angle glaucoma, stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Recognition of these vascular changes underline the critical need for clinicians to monitor blood flow and autoregulation to improve early diagnosis and to optimize therapies of ocular and cerebral vascular diseases. The text brings to clinicians in Ophthalmology, Neurology, Medicine, Optometry and Geriatrics decisive guidance on the practical aspects for early diagnosis and treatment of ocular and cerebral diseases. The author brings together in a concise form the progress made over the span of his career and provides new perspectives and understanding of the fluid circulations of the eye and the brain. In addition, he explains the new analytical technologies that made the new concepts possible. The physiological and functional importance of blood flow autoregulation in the eye and in the brain in minimizing the progression of pathology, including the ischemia resulting from stenosis of the internal carotid artery and stroke, are also presented .

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780387097152
Publisher:	Springer New York
Publication date:	04/01/2009
Edition description:	2009
Pages:	192
Product dimensions:	7.00(w) x 10.10(h) x 0.60(d)

Table of Contents

Invasive Studies of the Parameters Regulating Ocular Physiology and Vision.- “In Vivo” Manometric Studies of the Steady State Intraocular Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure Pulse in Animals and Man.- The Rate of Formation of the Aqueous Humor.- The Steady State Intraocular Pressure/Flow Relations in Dead and Living Animal and Human Eyes.- Homeostasis, Autoregulation, and Relative Ischemia.- The Pressure/Volume Relation in Eyes of Dead and Living Animal and Human Eyes.- The Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Its Influence on the Intraocular Pressure Pulse.- Direct and Indirect Measurements of Ocular Blood Flow in Anesthetized and Conscious Animals and Humans.- The Morphology and Hydrodynamics of the Chamber Angle Draining the Aqueous Humor.- The Sympathetic Nerve Innervation of the Eye and the Actions of the Adrenergic Neuron Transmitter Norepinephrine on Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Blood Flow.- Manometric Studies—on the Intraocular Pressure and Vascular Circulation in Ophthalmic Disease.- Noninvasive Studies on the IOP, PA, and Blood Flow Autoregulation in Healthy and Diseased Eyes.- Indirect Measurements of the Intraocular Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure Pulse.- The Effect of Posture and Corneal Thickness on the Measurement of the Intraocular Pressure.- The Langham Pneumatic Analogue and Digitized Tonometers.- The Calibration of the Intraocular Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure Pulse using the Langham Pneumatic Tonometer.- The Theory of the Langham Tonometer.- The Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation in Healthy Animal and Human Eyes.- The Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation and Loss of Autoregulation in Ocular Diseases.- Autoregulation of the Intraocular Pressure and the Ocular Blood Flow.- The Evaluation of Ocular Ischemia and the Loss of Autoregulation for the Early Detection of Ocular Vascular Diseases.- The Action of Drugs on Ocular Blood Flow and on the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation.- The Confluence and Integration of Therapies Based on Modulation of the Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Blood Flow.- Longitudinal Therapeutic Studies.- Opthalmodynamometry, the Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure and the Effect of Increased Vascular Resistance Proximal and Distal to the Ophthalmic Artery on Ocular Blood Flow, the IOP/PA Relation and Vision.- The Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure, the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Curve, and Their Relations to the Ocular and Cerebral Circulations.- Ophthalmodynamometry.- Autoregulation of the Intraocular Pressure and Blood Flow in the Human Eye.- Objective Measurement of the Diastolic and Systolic Ophthalmic Arterial Pressures.- The Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure in Healthy Subjects.- The Relation Between the Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation.- Modulation of the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation in Subjects with Stenosis of the Internal Carotid Artery.- Alzheimer's Disease and the Eye.- The Ocular Perfusion Pressure and the Visual Threshold.- Concepts and New Perspectives.

Editorial Reviews

From the reviews:

"This monograph is primarily an extensive review of the literature on intraocular pressure and any other pressures having to do with the eye. … A major value of this monograph is the wealth of primary citations to literature that predates PubMed. … this monograph could have used some anatomical figures and diagrams in the beginning chapters to go along with the physiological descriptions because the monograph is very approachable to interested readers who may not be currently working in the eye." (Joseph C. LaManna, Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, Vol. 18, 2009)

"Ischemia and Loss of Vascular Autoregulation in Ocular and Cerebral Diseases: A New Perspective summarizes a life’s work dedicated to understanding how a complex interaction of factors, such as intraocular pressures, ocular perfusion, and autoregulation affect ocular health. As such, this sole-authored text explores the … interests of most practicing ophthalmologists and neuroradiologists. … The illustrations, graphs, and line drawings have been carefully selected and help the author present a compelling story of the value of this approach to understanding the pathophysiology of ocular disease." (American Journal of Neuroradiology, September, 2009)

From the Publisher