Juvenile Justice: A Reference Handbook, 2nd Edition

by Donald J. Shoemaker, Timothy W. Wolfe

Overview

Authoritative, current, and easy to use, this book is an outstanding resource for readers looking to gain an accurate and thorough understanding of American juvenile justice.

• Presents historical and contemporary data in an easy-to-understand fashion that survey the complex history of the juvenile justice system and allow readers to better comprehend the key issues

• Includes a perspectives chapter that enables readers to hear voices from individuals with different backgrounds who are concerned with juvenile justice

• Provides an ideal resource for general readers who want to learn more about the history and current events concerning juvenile justice as well as students without previous background knowledge of the subject

• Contains a chronology of key moments in the history of juvenile justice in the United States as well as a glossary of key terms and definitions to guide the reader

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781440840746
Publisher:	ABC-CLIO, Incorporated
Publication date:	01/31/2016
Series:	Contemporary World Issues Series
Pages:	314
Product dimensions:	6.30(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.20(d)

About the Author

Donald J. Shoemaker, PhD, is professor of sociology at Virginia Tech. He has published extensively in the field of crime and delinquency.

Timothy W. Wolfe, PhD, is associate professor of sociology and director of the Human Services Program at Mount St. Mary's University.

Table of Contents

Preface and Acknowledgments xv

1 Background and History 3

Introduction 3

The Development of Childhood 7

Juvenile Justice in the United States: The Beginnings 17

Houses of Refuge 19

Training Schools or Reformatories 26

Child Savers and Other Nineteenth-Century Juvenile Justice Reform Efforts 30

Treatment Programs for Institutionalized Juvenile Offenders 36

Contemporary Organizations Programs and Developments 41

Juvenile Justice Today: A Quick Look 44

Conclusion 46

References 48

2 Problems Controversies and Solutions 53

Introduction 53

Problems 57

Misperceptions and Misunderstandings 57

Youth in Crisis: Problems Facing Juveniles 62

Kids and Guns 66

The Contemporary Juvenile Justice System 70

Controversies 75

Complexity of the System 76

Serious Juvenile Offenders and Status Offenders: Transfers and Divestiture 77

Overrepresentation of Minorities 81

Legal Challenges to the Juvenile Justice System 83

Possible Solutions 89

Restorative Justice and Other Alternatives to Incarceration 91

Evaluations of Incarceration Alternatives 94

Delinquency Prevention Programs 105

Gang Prevention Programs 111

Conclusion 116

References 117

3 Perspectives 129

Introduction 129

Preparing Youth for the Future: Kimberly Booth 129

We Must Improve Education for Youth in the Juvenile Justice System: Katherine Burdick 132

Adolescence Incarcerated: Josh Gravens 136

The Lines We Draw: Deborah L. Johnson 140

Community Restorative Justice Hub: A Model of Hospitality and Accompaniment David A. Kelly 144

A Teacher Not a Judge: Thomm Quackenbush 149

The Hall: Heidi Lynn Smith 153

What Should We Do with Juvenile Murderers? John T. Whitehead 157

4 Profiles 163

People 163

Jane Addams (1860-1935) 163

Freda Adler (1934-) 164

John Augustus (1785-1859) 165

Howard Becker (1928-) 166

Louise Bowen (1859-1953) 167

Charles Brace (1826-1890) 168

Zebulon Brockway (1827-1920) 170

Meda Chesney-Lind (1947-) 171

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) 171

Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) 172

Julia Clifford Lathrop (1858-1932) 173

Benjamin Barr Lindsey (1896-1943) 173

Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909) 174

Robert Merton (1910-2003) 175

Jerome G. Miller (1931-2015) 176

Clifford Shaw (1896-1957) 176

Edwin H. Sutherland (1853-1950) 177

Enoch C. Wines (1806-1879) 178

Agencies and Organizations 179

Child Welfare and Advocacy 180

Delinquency Prevention and Treatment Programs 184

Juvenile Justice 189

References 192

5 Data and Documents 197

Data 197

The Juvenile Population in the United States 197

Juvenile Offenders: Arrest Statistics 199

Self-Report Data 207

Trends in Juvenile Justice Cases 210

Juveniles and the Death Penalty 213

Documents 214

Ex Parte Crouse (1838) 214

Society for the Reformation of Juvenile Delinquents (1871) 218

Illinois Juvenile Court Act (1899) 222

Juvenile Delinquency after World War II (1946) 224

In re Gault (1967) 225

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (1974) 228

President Clinton's Juvenile Justice Remarks (1997) 229

Roper v. Simmons (2005) 236

Youth Promise Act (2015) 241

References 249

6 Resources 253

Print Sources 253

General/Introductory Books on Juvenile Delinquency 253

History of Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice 262

General/Introductory Books on the Juvenile Justice System 265

Periodicals That Focus on Juvenile Justice and Juvenile Delinquency 268

Nonprint Sources 271

General Information on Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice 271

Films That Address Juvenile Delinquency and the Juvenile Justice System 274

7 Chronology 281

Glossary 299

Index 305

About the Authors 315

Editorial Reviews

"This book provides a good starting point for research by high school and college students, scholars, and general readers as well as practitioners, activists, and others. The writing style is easy to understand and the content offers thought-provoking issues." - ARBA

From the Publisher