Natural Attenuation of Hazardous Wastes

by Environmental and Water Resources Institute (U.S.), Rao Y. Surampalli, American Society of Civil Engineers Staff, Say Kee Ong, Eric Seagren, Julio Nuno

Overview

Sponsored by the Natural Attenuation Task Committee of the Environmental and Multi-Media Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE.

This report provides the regulatory framework, scientific and engineering principles, and applications of natural attenuation for the remediation of contaminated sites. Natural attenuation is a process that relies on the natural assimilative capacity of a site to reduce or stabilize contaminates to desirable levels. It is becoming an increasingly popular, cost-effective remedial alternative for many contaminated sites. The report describes in detail sites contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and MTBE, chlorinated solvents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, and radioactive wastes.

Topics include:

• major pollutants;
• extensive review of literature;
• examples of applications of natural attenuation;
• site characterization and monitoring requirements and procedures; and
• basic scientific principles on physical, chemical, and biological processes.

Environmental engineers and scientists will find this book full of information on basic principles to summaries of natural attenuation applications.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780784407400
Publisher:	American Society of Civil Engineers
Publication date:	01/01/2004
Series:	ASCE Book Series on Environmental and Water Resources Engineering
Pages:	252
Product dimensions:	5.50(w) x 8.50(h) x 0.70(d)

Table of Contents

	Contributing Authors	v
Chapter 1	Introduction	1
1.1	Background	1
1.2	Definition	2
1.3	Government Policies and Rules	2
1.4	General Evaluation Strategy	4
1.5	Advantages and Disadvantages	6
1.6	Organization of book	6
Chapter 2	Site Characterization	8
2.1	Project Planning	8
2.2	Evaluation of Historical Data	12
2.3	Site Characterization Methods	14
2.4	Site Characterization Report	25
2.5	Development of a Site Conceptual Model	25
Chapter 3	Natural Attenuation Processes	29
3.1	Physical Processes	29
3.2	Chemical Processes	58
3.3	Biological Processes	63
3.4	Modeling of Natural Attenuation	73
Chapter 4	Long Term Monitoring	113
4.1	Introduction	113
4.2	Monitoring Wells	114
4.3	Sampling and Analysis	115
4.4	Contingency Plan	116
Chapter 5	Natural Attenuation in Soils, Sediments and Groundwater	120
5.1	Petroleum Hydrocarbons and MTBE	120
5.2	Chlorinated Solvents	167
5.3	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons	182
5.4	Metals	200
5.5	Radioactive Contaminants	209