Table of Contents
Preface XI
An Open Letter to the Reader XIII
I Introduction: Reflections on the Research Process 1
1 Research in Social Psychology as a Leap of Faith Elliot Aronson 3
2 On Baseball and Failure Elliot Aronson 10
II Conformity and Obedience 15
3 Opinions and Social Pressure Solomon E. Asch 17
4 Behavioral Study of Obedience Stanley Milgram 27
5 "From Jerusalem to Jericho": A Study of Situational and Dispositional Variables in Helping Behavior John M. Darley C. Daniel Batson 41
6 A Focus Theory of Normative Conduct: Recycling the Concept of Norms to Reduce Littering in Public Places Robert B. Cialdini Raymond R. Reno Carl A. Kallgren 56
7 Making Sense of the Nonsensical: An Analysis of Jonestown Neal Osherow 80
III Mass Communication Propaganda, and Persuasion 99
8 Effects of Varying the Recommendations in a Fear-Arousing Communication James M. Dabbs Jr. Howard Leventhal 101
9 Attribution Versus Persuasion as a Means for Modifying Behavior Richard L. Miller Philip Brickman Diana Bolen 112
10 The Impact of Mass Media Violence on U.S. Homicides David P. Phillips 132
IV Social Cognition 147
11 Contrast Effects and Judgments of Physical Attractiveness: When Beauty Becomes a Social Problem Douglas T. Kenrick Sara E. Gutierres 149
12 The Effect of Attitude on the Recall of Personal Histories Michael Ross Cathy McFarland Garth J. O. Fletcher 164
13 The Peculiar Longevity of Things Not So Bad Daniel T. Gilbert Matthew D. Lieberman Carey K. Morewedge Timothy D. Wilson 176
14 Strangers to Ourselves: Discovering the Adaptive Unconscious Timothy D. Wilson 189
15 Self-Theories of Intelligence Carol S. Dweck 201
V Self-Justification 217
16 Dissonance, Hypocrisy, and the Self-Concept Elliot Aronson 219
17 Compliance Without Pressure: The Foot-in-the-Door Technique Jonathan L. Freedman Scott C. Fraser 237
18 Reducing Weight by Reducing Dissonance: The Role of Effort Justification in Inducing Weight Loss Danny Axsom Joel Cooper 249
19 Dishonest Behavior as a Function of Differential Levels of Induced Self-Esteem Elliot Aronson David R. Mettee 263
20 Using Cognitive Dissonance to Encourage Water Conservation Chris Ann Dickerson Ruth Thibodeau Elliot Aronson Dayna Miller 275
21 A Self-Affirmation Intervention to Reduce the Racial Achievement Gap Geoffrey L. Cohen Julio Garcia Nancy Apfel Allison Master 288
VI Human Aggression 301
22 The Effects of Observing Violence Leonard Berkowitz 303
23 Does Venting Anger Feed or Extinguish The Flame? Catharsis, Rumination, Distraction, Anger, and Aggressive Responding Brad J. Bushman 315
24 Peacetime Casualties: The Effects of War on the Violent Behavior of Noncombatants Dane Archer Rosemary Gartner 329
25 Deindividuation and Anger-Mediated Interracial Aggression: Unmasking Regressive Racism Ronald W. Rogers Steven Prentice-Dunn 341
26 Predictors of Naturalistic Sexual Aggression Neil M. Malamuth 357
VII Prejudice 379
27 The Nonverbal Mediation of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Interracial Interaction Carl O. Word Mark P. Zanna Joel Cooper 381
28 Low Numbers: Stereotypes and the Underrepresentation of Women in Math and Science Joshua Aronson 394
29 Experiments in Group Conflict Muzafer Sherif 415
30 Jigsaw Groups and the Desegregated Classroom: In Pursuit of Common Goals Elliot Aronson Diane Bridgeman 425
31 Branch Rickey, Jackie Robinson, and the Social Psychology of Affirmative Action Anthony R. Pratkanis Marlene E. Turner 436
32 Prejudice as Self-Image Maintenance: Affirming the Self Through Derogating Others Steven Fein Steven J. Spencer 445
33 The Positive Feedback Bias Kent Harber 475
VIII Liking, Loving, and Interpersonal Sensitivity 495
34 Lending a Hand: Social Regulation of the Neural Response to Threat James A. Coan Hillary S. Schaefer Richard J. Davidson 497
35 The Search for a Romantic Partner: The Effects of Self-Esteem and Physical Attractiveness on Romantic Behavior Sara B. Kielser Roberta L. Baral 512
36 Social Perception and Interpersonal Behavior: On the Self-Fulfilling Nature of Social Stereotypes Mark Snyder Elizabeth Decker Tanke Ellen Berscheid 521
37 Some Evidence for Heightened Sexual Attraction Under Conditions of High Anxiety Donald G. Dutton Arthur P. Aron 536
38 Cognitive, Interpersonal, and Behavioral Effects of Social Exclusion: How people Respond to Rejection Roy F. Baumeister Dianne M. Tice 550
39 Arbitrary Social Norms Influence Sex Differences in Romantic Selectivity Eli J. Finkel Paul W. Eastwick 568
Name Index 581
Subject Index 594
