Table of Contents
Preface
1: The Case for Rigor
Introduction
The Call for Rigor
New Calls for Rigor
Seven Myths About Rigor
Does This Really Matter?
Students' Perceptions of Rigor
Conclusion
2: Digging Into Rigor
Expecting Students to Learn at High Levels
Levels of Questioning
Differentiated Instruction and Multiple Intelligences
Supporting Each Student to Learn at High Levels
Rigor Does Not Stand Alone
Conclusion
3: Raise the Level of Content
Valuing Depth
Increasing Text Difficulty
Creating Connections
Reviewing, Not Repeating
Planning for Implementation of High Standards
Conclusion
4: Increase Complexity
Complexity Through Problem-Based Learning
Complexity in Writing
Complexity as You Assess Prior Knowledge
Complexity With Vocabulary
Complexity in Review Games
5: Give Appropriate Support and Guidance
Scaffolding During Reading Activities
Modeling Expected Instructional Behaviors
Providing Clear Expectations
Chunking Big Tasks
Presenting Multiple Opportunities to Learn
Working With Students With Special Needs
Conclusion
6: Open Your Focus
Open-Ended Questioning
Open-Ended Research
Open-Ended Vocabulary Instruction
Open-Ended Projects
Open-Ended Choices for Students
Conclusion
7: Raise Expectations
Expecting the Best
Expanding the Vision
Ownership of Learning
Tracking Progress
Creating a Culture
Conclusion
8: Assessment and Grading
Assessment That Impacts Learning
Grading Practices
Learning Is Not Optional
Conclusion
9: Collaboration and Professional Learning Communities
Professional Learning Communities
Activities for Professional Learning Communities
10: Opportunities and Challenges
Where Should I Begin?
How Do I Handle Resistance from Students?
What Do I Say to Parents?
How Should I Respond When Other Teachers Aren't Supportive?
How Can I Gauge Progress?
Conclusion
Appendix: Correlations to the Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts, Grades K-12
References
