John Henry Newman, C.O., was born in 1801 at London, England. After becoming an evangelical Calvinist, he converted to Catholicism from the Anglican Church in 1845, suffering broken relationships with his family as a result. He later founded the Literary and Historical Society, and published a considerable amount of works during his eighty-nine years. Some of his books include Mary: The Second Eve, Loss and Gain, Difficulties of Anglicans, Apologia Pro Vita Sua, and Development of Religious Error. Father Newman died in 1890 at Birmingham.