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    Who's Irish?

    by Gish Jen


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    Gish Jen is the author of four novels, a book of stories, and two books of nonfiction, The Girl at the Baggage Claim and Tiger Writing. Her honors include the Lannan Literary Award for fiction and the Mildred and Harold Strauss Living Award from the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She teaches from time to time in China and otherwise lives with her husband and two children in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Brief Biography

    Hometown:
    Cambridge, Massachusetts
    Date of Birth:
    August 12, 1955
    Place of Birth:
    New York, New York
    Education:
    B.A. Harvard University, M.F.A., Iowa Writers¿ Workshop

    Read an Excerpt

    From "Who's Irish"

    In China, people say mixed children are supposed to be smart, and definitely my granddaughter Sophie is smart. But Sophie is wild, Sophie is not like my daughter Natalie, or like me. I am work hard my whole life, and fierce besides. My husband always used to say he is afraid of me, and in our restaurant, busboys and cooks all afraid of me too. Even the gang members come for protection money, they try to talk to my husband. When I am there, they stay away. If they come by mistake, they pretend they are come to eat. They hide behind the menu, they order a lot of food. They talk about their mothers. Oh, my mother have some arthritis, need to take herbal medicine, they say. Oh, my mother getting old, her hair all white now.

            I say, Your mother's hair used to be white, but since she dye it, it become black again. Why don't you go home once in a while and take a look? I tell them, Confucius say a filial son knows what color his mother's hair is.

            My daughter is fierce too, she is vice president in the bank now. Her new house is big enough for everybody to have their own room, including me. But Sophie take after Natalie's husband's family, their name is Shea. Irish. I always thought Irish people are like Chinese people, work so hard on the railroad, but now I know why the Chinese beat the Irish. Of course, not all Irish are like the Shea family, of course not. My daughter tell me I should not say Irish this, Irish that.

            How do you like it when people say the Chinese this, the Chinese that, she say.

            You know, the British call the Irish heathen, just like they call the Chinese, she say.

            You think the Opium War was bad, how would you like to live right next door to the British, she say.

            And that is that. My daughter have a funny habit when she win an argument, she take a sip of something and look away, so the other person is not embarrassed. So I am not embarrassed. I do not call anybody anything either. I just happen to mention about the Shea family, an interesting fact: four brothers in the family, and not one of them work. The mother, Bess, have a job before she got sick, she was executive secretary in a big company. She is handle everything for a big shot, you would be surprised how complicated her job is, not just type this, type that. Now she is a nice woman with a clean house. But her boys, every one of them is on welfare, or so-called severance pay, or so-called disability pay. Something. They say they cannot find work, this is not the economy of the fifties, but I say, Even the black people doing better these days, some of them live so fancy, you'd be surprised. Why the Shea family have so much trouble? They are white people, they speak English. When I come to this country, I have no money and do not speak English. But my husband and I own our restaurant before he die. Free and clear, no mortgage. Of course, I understand I am just lucky, come from a country where the food is popular all over the world. I understand it is not the Shea family's fault they come from a country where everything is boiled. Still, I say.

            She's right, we should broaden our horizons, say one brother, Jim, at Thanksgiving. Forget about the car business. Think about egg rolls.

            Pad thai, say another brother, Mike. I'm going to make my fortune in pad thai. It's going to be the new pizza.

            I say, You people too picky about what you sell. Selling egg rolls not good enough for you, but at least my husband and I can say, We made it. What can you say? Tell me. What can you say?

            Everybody chew their tough turkey.
            
            I especially cannot understand my daughter's husband John, who has no job but cannot take care of Sophie either. Because he is a man, he say, and that's the end of the sentence.

            Plain boiled food, plain boiled thinking. Even his name is plain boiled: John. Maybe because I grew up with black bean sauce and hoisin sauce and garlic sauce, I always feel something is missing when my son-in-law talk.

            But, okay: so my son-in-law can be man, I am baby-sitter. Six hours a day, same as the old sitter, crazy Amy, who quit. This is not so easy, now that I am sixty-eight, Chinese age almost seventy. Still, I try. In China, daughter take care of mother. Here it is the other way around. Mother help daughter, mother ask, Anything else I can do? Otherwise daughter complain mother is not supportive. I tell daughter, We do not have this word in Chinese,
    supportive. But my daughter too busy to listen, she has to go to meeting, she has to write memo while her husband go to the gym to be a man. My daughter say otherwise he will be depressed. Seems like all his life he has this trouble, depression.

            No one wants to hire someone who is depressed, she say. It is important for him to keep his spirits up.

            Beautiful wife, beautiful daughter, beautiful house, oven can clean itself automatically. No money left over, because only one income, but lucky enough, got the baby-sitter for free. If John lived in China, he would be very happy. But he is not happy. Even at the gym things go wrong. One day, he pull a muscle. Another day, weight room too crowded. Always something.

            Until finally, hooray, he has a job. Then he feel pressure.
            
            I need to concentrate, he say. I need to focus.
            
            He is going to work for insurance company. Salesman job. A paycheck, he say, and at least he will wear clothes instead of gym shorts. My daughter buy him some special candy bars from the health-food store. They say THINK! on them, and are supposed to help John think.

            John is a good-looking boy, you have to say that, especially now that he shave so you can see his face.

            I am an old man in a young man's game, say John.
            
            I will need a new suit, say John.
            
            This time I am not going to shoot myself in the foot, say John.
            
            Good, I say.
            
            She means to be supportive, my daughter say. Don't start the send her back to China thing, because we can't.

    Sophie is three years old American age, but already I see her nice Chinese side swallowed up by her wild Shea side. She looks like mostly Chinese. Beautiful black hair, beautiful black eyes. Nose perfect size, not so flat looks like something fell down, not so large looks like some big deal got stuck in wrong face. Everything just right, only her skin is a brown surprise to John's family. So brown, they say. Even John say it. She never goes in the sun, still she is that color, he say. Brown. They say, Nothing the matter with brown. They are just surprised. So brown. Nattie is not that brown, they say. They say, It seems like Sophie should be a color in between Nattie and John. Seems funny, a girl named Sophie Shea be brown. But she is brown, maybe her name should be Sophie Brown. She never go in the sun, still she is that color, they say. Nothing the matter with brown. They are just surprised.

            The Shea family talk is like this sometimes, going around and around like a Christmas-tree train.

            Maybe John is not her father, I say one day, to stop the train. And sure enough, train wreck. None of the brothers ever say the word brown to me again.

            Instead, John's mother, Bess, say, I hope you are not offended.
            
            She say, I did my best on those boys. But raising four boys with no father is no picnic.

            You have a beautiful family, I say.

            I'm getting old, she say.

            You deserve a rest, I say. Too many boys make you old.

            I never had a daughter, she say. You have a daughter.

            I have a daughter, I say. Chinese people don't think a daughter is so great, but you're right. I have a daughter.

            I was never against the marriage, you know, she say. I never thought John was marrying down. I always thought Nattie was just as good as white.

            I was never against the marriage either, I say. I just wonder if they look at the whole problem.

            Of course you pointed out the problem, you are a mother, she say. And now we both have a granddaughter. A little brown granddaughter, she is so precious to me.

            I laugh. A little brown granddaughter, I say. To tell you the truth, I don't know how she came out so brown.

    We laugh some more. These days Bess need a walker to walk. She take so many pills, she need two glasses of water to get them all down. Her favorite TV show is about bloopers, and she love her bird feeder. All day long, she can watch that bird feeder, like a cat.

            I can't wait for her to grow up, Bess say. I could use some female company.

            Too many boys, I say.

            Boys are fine, she say. But they do surround you after a while.

            You should take a break, come live with us, I say. Lots of girls at our house.

            Be careful what you offer, say Bess with a wink. Where I come from, people mean for you to move in when they say a thing like that.

    Nothing the matter with Sophie's outside, that's the truth. It is inside that she is like not any Chinese girl I ever see. We go to the park, and this is what she does. She stand up in the stroller. She take off all her clothes and throw them in the fountain.

            Sophie! I say. Stop!

            But she just laugh like a crazy person. Before I take over as baby-sitter, Sophie has that crazy-person sitter, Amy the guitar player. My daughter thought this Amy very creative—another word we do not talk about in China. In China, we talk about whether we have difficulty or no difficulty. We talk about whether life is bitter or not bitter. In America, all day long, people talk about creative. Never mind that I cannot even look at this Amy, with her shirt so short that her belly button showing. This Amy think Sophie should love her body. So when Sophie take off her diaper, Amy laugh. When Sophie run around naked, Amy say she wouldn't want to wear a diaper either. When Sophie go shu-shu in her lap, Amy laugh and say there are no germs in pee. When Sophie take off her shoes, Amy say bare feet is best, even the pediatrician say so. That is why Sophie now walk around with no shoes like a beggar child. Also why Sophie love to take off her clothes.

            Turn around! say the boys in the park. Let's see that ass!

            Of course, Sophie does not understand. Sophie clap her hands, I am the only one to say, No! This is not a game.

            It has nothing to do with John's family, my daughter say. Amy was too permissive, that's all.

            But I think if Sophie was not wild inside, she would not take off her shoes and clothes to begin with.

            You never take off your clothes when you were little, I say. All my Chinese friends had babies, I never saw one of them act wild like that.

            Look, my daughter say. I have a big presentation tomorrow.

            John and my daughter agree Sophie is a problem, but they don't know what to do.

            You spank her, she'll stop, I say another day.

            But they say, Oh no.

            In America, parents not supposed to spank the child.

            It gives them low self-esteem, my daughter say. And that leads to problems later, as I happen to know.

            My daughter never have big presentation the next day when the subject of spanking come up.

            I don't want you to touch Sophie, she say. No spanking, period.

            Don't tell me what to do, I say.

            I'm not telling you what to do, say my daughter. I'm telling you how I feel.

            I am not your servant, I say. Don't you dare talk to me like that.

            My daughter have another funny habit when she lose an argument. She spread out all her fingers and look at them, as if she like to make sure they are still there.

    My daughter is fierce like me, but she and John think it is better to explain to Sophie that clothes are a good idea. This is not so hard in the cold weather. In the warm weather, it is very hard.

            Use your words, my daughter say. That's what we tell Sophie. How about if you set a good example.

            As if good example mean anything to Sophie. I am so fierce, the gang members who used to come to the restaurant all afraid of me, but Sophie is not afraid.

            I say, Sophie, if you take off your clothes, no snack.

            I say, Sophie, if you take off your clothes, no lunch.

            I say, Sophie, if you take off your clothes, no park.

            Pretty soon we are stay home all day, and by the end of six hours she still did not have one thing to eat. You never saw a child stubborn like that.

            I'm hungry! she cry when my daughter come home.

            What's the matter, doesn't your grandmother feed you? My daughter laugh.

            No! Sophie say. She doesn't feed me anything!

            My daughter laugh again. Here you go, she say.

            She say to John, Sophie must be growing.

            Growing like a weed, I say.

    Still Sophie take off her clothes, until one day I spank her. Not too hard, but she cry and cry, and when I tell her if she doesn't put her clothes back on I'll spank her again, she put her clothes back on. Then I tell her she is good girl, and give her some food to eat. The next day we go to the park and, like a nice Chinese girl, she does not take off her clothes.

            She stop taking off her clothes, I report. Finally!

            How did you do it? my daughter ask.

            After twenty-eight years experience with you, I guess I learn something, I say.

            It must have been a phase, John say, and his voice is suddenly like an expert.

            His voice is like an expert about everything these days, now that he carry a leather briefcase, and wear shiny shoes, and can go shopping for a new car. On the company, he say. The company will pay for it, but he will be able to drive it whenever he want.

            A free car, he say. How do you like that.

            It's good to see you in the saddle again, my daughter say. Some of your family patterns are scary.

            At least I don't drink, he say. He say, And I'm not the only one with scary family patterns.

            That's for sure, say my daughter.

    Table of Contents

    Who's Irish

    Birthmates

    The Water Faucet Vision

    Duncan in China

    Just Wait

    Chin

    In the American Society

    House, House, House

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    .

    The stories in Who's Irish? show us the children of immigrants looking wonderingly at their parents' efforts to assimilate, while the older generation asks how so much selfless hard work on their part can have yielded them offspring who'd sooner drop out of life than succeed at it. 

    With dazzling wit and compassion, Gish Jen—author of the acclaimed novels Typical American and Mona in the Promised Land—looks at ambition and compromise at century's end and finds that much of the action is as familiar—and as strange—as the things we know to be most deeply true about ourselves.

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    From the Publisher
    "Jen's gift is for comedy that resonates, and sadnesses that arise with perfect timing from absurdities.  Her subject matter is so appealing, it almost obscures the power and suppleness of her language." —The New York Times Book Review

    "Gish Jen's fiction is always engaging, always necessary." —Newsday

    “Nobody’s having more fun with American diversity than Gish Jen. . . . One of the greatest charms of her fiction is her position as a bemused chronicler . . . of the hugely comic potential in human nature.” —The Boston Globe

    "Sparklinga gently satiric look at the American Dream and its fallout on those who pursue it." The New York Times

    "Tender and funny . . . vibrant and courageous." —San Francisco Chronicle

    Jamie James
    In the gang warfare of contemporary American fiction, no turf has been claimed more genially than that of the Chinese-Americans in the work of Gish Jen, who is quite as ready to expose the foibles of her own people as to catalog their complaints. One of the most impressive things about her first collection of stories -- Who's Irish? -- is its range: First-person tales told by an old lady, a little girl and an Italian-American teenage boy sit easily alongside wry omniscient narratives set in prosperous American suburbs, the tough inner city and China itself. Yet in all its widely diverse cast of characters, there's not one you can't like, or at least sympathize with, even if there are few you can admire. Which is just as it should be.

    The title story is one of the best. A Chinese-born grandmother, the story's narrator, makes a poor baby sitter in the eyes of her liberal-thinking, Westernized daughter, who has married into an Irish-American family. When the old woman tries to discipline her naughty granddaughter in the Chinese fashion -- firmly -- the child's mother decides it's time for her own mother to move out. They look at some small apartments, but in the end the narrator stays with her son-in-law's mother, an Irish woman of her own age, who is just as befuddled as she is by the young people's modern ways: The generational wars have overwhelmed the ethnic skirmishing.

    Jen has a deft way of turning stereotypes on their heads. In "Birthmates" -- which John Updike recently included in The Best American Short Stories of the Century (a title P.T. Barnum would not have been ashamed of) -- a traveling Chinese businessman, pinching pennies, stays at a welfare hotel, where a young hoodlum knocks him out in the lobby. He regains consciousness in the room of a young black woman; groggily, he sees her cooking something and notices a plastic bag full of white powder on the table. He assumes the worst, but it turns out that she's making him a mug of hot milk and can afford only the powdered kind.

    "Duncan in China," a novella-length piece, is a fascinating reversal of the usual immigrant's story. The title character, an assimilated Chinese-American, idealizes the intellectual and cultural tradition of the mother country and goes there to discover "the China of ineffable nobility and refinement." The story is set in the aftermath of the Cultural Revolution, and Duncan finds not the refinement of the Song dynasty porcelain he cherishes, but rather snitches, a tubercular cousin, lust and anti-intellectualism.

    Another novella, "House, House, Home," is the weakest work in the collection. It tediously details the decline of the marriage of a college student and her art professor, a man of highly cultivated eccentricity who would surely be among the most irritating characters in contemporary fiction if you could believe in him for even a moment. "Sven did not see why he should not wear other people's clothes if they were left handy. And why not pick up someone else's camera at a party and, holding it behind your back, snap the party scene you couldn't see?" The narrator, who is Asian, finally splits up with this highly original person and finds a sensitive, politically enlightened Hawaiian hunk, who shows her "how she had been wifed, how she had been fetishized, how she had been viewed as Orientalia" by white, Western Sven. Where is the irony with which Jen usually slaps down that sort of cant? At the end, the author even finds it necessary to inform the reader that both these men were "anatomically well-equipped."

    "House, House, Home," never before published, has an earnest '70s air about it; I would hazard a guess that it's the torso of a failed novel that was resurrected to bring the book up to 200 pages. That might be wrong and completely unfair, but in any case including it was unnecessary: The 126 pages that precede it are well worth the price of admission.
    Salon

    BUST Magazine
    Jen peoples her stories with characters who are unmistakably human and, as such, her work is a joy to read.
    Jean Thompson
    ...[Portrays] cultures in splendid confusion and outright collision....She has a clear-eyed affection for people who struggle to find their places in the world....Her subject matter is so appealing, it almost obscures the power and suppleness of her language. Who's Irish?, at its considerable best, finds words for all the high and low notes of the raucous American anthem.
    The New York Times Book Review \ \
    ...Jen's voice always rings true. In various states of assimilation, her characters approach the clash of cultures with wit, humor and pathos.
    Publishers Weekly - Publisher's Weekly
    The Chinese-American author (Typical American, Mona in the Promised Land) is a known quantity by now, though her sometimes uproarious but just as often compassionate tales of culture clash always manage to find some new and surprising angles from which to ambush the reader. There are two novella-length tales in this breezy, assured collection: "Duncan in China" tells of a young man, a dropout at home, who achieves a certain bizarre status on a prolonged visit to contemporary China, and of the perplexing choices he has to make when all his usual assumptions are turned on their heads. "House, House, Home" is the account of Pammies two marriages, to wry, eccentric Scandinavian Sven and, later, to massively laid-back Carver from Hawaii, and the sorts of space these very different men give her to move in. As always with Jen, a multitude of details, domestic and behavioral, are acutely observed, and the impact, in barely 80 pages, is that of a much longer work. The title story is a delightfully rueful account of a Chinese grandmother trying to come to terms with her spoiled Irish grandchild, "Birthmates" is a cunningly woven mixture of farce and pathos about a born loser looking for a job at a convention and "In the American Society" portrays the mixed dignity and foolishness of a traditional Chinese man trying, and failing, to adapt to our odd mores.
    KLIATT
    In just eight stories, Jen easily captures the fragility of the human experience as common, everyday people are caught up in the absurdities of life. In her title story, "Who's Irish?," a mother/daughter relationship takes on some difficult twists and turns when the Asian daughter and her Irish husband must deal with her mother's world of culture and discipline. The beauty of this little narrative is that it is told in the mother's voice, a voice that expresses well the confusion of the western ways her daughter has adopted. Also examined is the pain of not understanding the growing separation in their relationship, a separation due not only to the changing of their worlds, but also to the distancing of the generations. Like all of Jen's stories, "Who's Irish?" mixes humor and sadness. Jen writes about the immigrant experience, and more specifically the Asian American experience. While this diversity in her stories is delightful, her characters are simply human beings caught up in the tangles of living their lives. In "The Water Faucet Vision," Callie believes there is power and comfort in the malachite beads she has found. As she and her sister listen to her father and mother fighting, the beads bring her assurance that there will be a miracle. When her mother is flung from an upper-story window, but still lives, Callie knows her beads have been at work. Jen skillfully pulls the reader into the innocent purity of this young woman's world as she reminisces about her life: back then, the world was a place that could be set right. Jen's writing is clear and skillful. Her descriptions are tight and sharp: e.g., "her hair like a dandelion head." These short stories could be enjoyedby more advanced YA readers and would certainly be a valuable addition to public library story collections. Every story in "Who's Irish?" is a wonderful slice of life. KLIATT Codes: SA—Recommended for senior high school students, advanced students, and adults. 1999, Random House/Vintage, 208p, 21cm, 98-42801, $12.00. Ages 16 to adult. Reviewer: Sally M. Tibbetts; Audio Visual/LRC, Maine West, H.S., Des Plaines, IL January 2001 (Vol. 35 No. 1)
    Library Journal
    YA-As in her novels, Jen provides a clear, compelling voice and presents characters who are both realistic and quirky. Multicultural settings, plot lines, and social issues figure into most of these short stories but are well integrated so there is no sense of this being a collection "about" multiculturalism. Some selections feature characters from the author's longer fiction, albeit at different points and in different situations from those in which they appeared earlier. The title story provides a wonderfully dynamic portrait of an older Chinese-American woman who must deal with her granddaughter's biracial identity and her own evolving warmth toward her daughter's mother-in-law. Each of the stories stands independently but it is easy to move from one to the next, without a disappointment in the lot. This is a great way to introduce readers to Jen, and her fans will be happy to have these new stories, each of which is a tiny window on a busy world.-Francisca Goldsmith, Berkeley Public Library, CA Copyright 1999 Cahners Business Information.
    David Gates
    ...Jen uses her ever-ready wit to provide ironic distance from genuinely dark places....The result [is] an esthetic whole even greater than the sum of its entertaining parts.
    Newsweek
    Michiko Kakutani
    Ms. Jen...has a keen eye for the incongruities of contemporary life....[S]he gives us a gently satiric look at the American Dream and its fallout [capturing] the absurdities and self-indulgences of a country where adjectives like creative are attached to everything...[and] the wonderful sense of freedom it can confer on individuals who are new to its shores.
    The New York Times
    Lucius Lau
    ...[D]ensely packed with little insights....[C]asts a wide net over Chinese American life....[W]onderful tales that are as complex as they are subtle.
    A. Magazine
    Kirkus Reviews
    A sharp-eyed debut collection of eight stories examining American life from a foreigner's perspective, by Chinese-American novelist Jen (Mona in the Promised Land, 1996, etc). Most of the observers here are Chinese-Americans who have been in the US long enough to feel at home but who can still find themselves continually surprised by American styles and attitudes. The grandmother of the title piece wonders at the lack of ambition of her Irish-American son-in-law ("Selling egg rolls not good enough for you, but at least my husband and I can say, We made it. What can you say?") but is positively baffled by the psychobabble of her first-generation daughter ("In China, daughter take care of mother. Here it is the other way around. Mother help daughter, mother ask, Anything else I can do? Otherwise daughter complain mother is not supportive"). The sense of alienation is always present to some degree, as it is for the businessman of "Birthmates" (who is sent by his ailing corporation to a business conference and becomes depressed staying in a seedy motel in a bad part of a strange city) or the boy of "Chin" (who is moved into a Westchester suburb with his parents and becomes the butt of abuse at the local high school). Others take pleasure in their exotic new world: the Chinese-American girl of "The Water Faucet Vision" attends a Catholic grammar school and becomes so fascinated by Christianity that she convinces herself she's having visions, while the immigrant family of "In the American Society" becomes obsessed with gaining admittance to the country club. The culture shock is not unilateral, either: the Chinese-American boy of "Duncan in China," who moves to China to teach Englishin a remote mining town, never realizes how fully American he is until he returns to his homeland. Perceptive and sharply detailed stories that inhabit the boundary between nostalgia and resentment that is the exile's true domain—without falling into either.

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