Essentials of Materials Science & Engineering / Edition 2

by Donald R. Askeland, Pradeep P. Fulay

Overview

This text provides students with a solid understanding of the relationship between the structure, processing, and properties of materials. Authors Donald Askeland and Pradeep Fulay teach the fundamental concepts of atomic structure and materials behaviors and clearly link them to the "materials" issues that students will have to deal with when they enter the industry or graduate school (e.g. design of structures, selection of materials, or materials failures). While presenting fundamental concepts and linking them to practical applications, the authors emphasize the necessary basics without overwhelming the students with too much of the underlying chemistry or physics. The book covers fundamentals in an integrated approach that emphasizes applications of new technologies that engineered materials enable. New and interdisciplinary developments in materials field such as nanomaterials, smart materials, micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) systems, and biomaterials are also discussed.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780495244462
Publisher:	CL Engineering
Publication date:	04/23/2008
Edition description:	Older Edition
Pages:	604
Product dimensions:	8.11(w) x 9.89(h) x 0.94(d)

About the Author

Donald R. Askeland joined the University of Missouri-Rolla in 1970 after obtaining his doctorate in Metallurgical Engineering from the University of Michigan. His primary interest has been in teaching, resulting in a variety of campus, university, and industry awards and the preparation of a materials engineering textbook. Dr. Askeland has also been active in research involving metals casting and metals joining, particularly in the production, treatment, and joining of cast irons, gating and fluidity of aluminum alloys, and optimization of casting processes. Additional work has concentrated on lost foam casting, permanent mold casting, and investment casting; much of this work has been interdisciplinary, providing data for creating computer models and validation of such models.

Pradeep P. Fulay received his Ph.D. from the University of Arizona and teaches at the University of Pittsburgh. His research is primarily concerned with the synthesis and processing of ceramic powders and thin films, consisting of nano-sized primary particles/grains. His current research involves development of novel synthesis and processing protocols for electro-optic and ferroelectric ceramics and studies related to the relationships between their microstructure and dielectric/optical properties. Dr. Fulay is also researching fundamental of magnetorheological (MR) fluids. He is a Fellow to the American Ceramic Society.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering Introduction / What is Materials Science and Engineering? / Classification of Materials / Functional Classification of Materials / Classification of Materials Based on Structure / Environmental and Other Effects / Materials Design and Selection / Summary / Glossary / Problems 2. Atomic Structure Introduction / The Structure of Materials: Technological Relevance / The Structure of the Atom / The Electronic Structure of the Atom / The Periodic Table / Atomic Bonding / Binding Energy and Interatomic Spacing / Summary / Glossary / Problems 3. Atomic and Ionic Arrangements Introduction / Short-Range Order Versus Long-Range Order / Amorphous Materials: Principles and Technological Applications / Lattice, Unit Cells, Basis, and Crystal Structure / Allotropic or Polymorphic Transformations / Points, Directions, and Planes in the Unit Cell / Interstitial Sites / Crystal Structures of Ionic Materials / Covalent Structures / Diffraction Techniques for Crystal Structure Analysis / Summary / Glossary / Problems 4. Imperfections in the Atomic and Ionic Arrangements Introduction / Point Defects / Other Point Defects / Dislocations / Significance of Dislocations / Schmid''s Law / Influence of Crystal Structure / Surface Defects / Importance of Defects / Summary / Glossary / Problems 5. Atomic and Ionic Movements in Materials Introduction / Applications of Diffusion / Stability of Atoms and Ions / Mechanisms for Diffusion / Activation Energy for Diffusion / Rate of Diffusion (Fick''s First Law) / Factors Affecting Diffusion / Permeability of Polymers / Composition Profile (Fick''s Second Law) / Diffusion and Materials Processing / Summary / Glossary / Problems 6. Mechanical Properties and Behavior Introduction / Technological Significance / Terminology for Mechanical Properties / The Tensile Test: Use of the Stress-Strain Diagram / Properties Obtained from the Tensile Test / True Stress and True Strain / The Bend Test for Brittle Materials / Hardness of Materials / Strain Rate Effects and Impact Behavior / Properties Obtained from the Impact Test / Summary / Glossary / Problems 7. Fracture Mechanics Introduction / Fracture Mechanics / The Importance of Fracture Mechanics / Microstructural Features of Fracture in Metallic Materials / Microstructural Features of Fractures in Ceramics, Glasses, and Composites / Weibull Statistics for Failure Strength Analysis / Fatigue / Results of the Fatigue Test / Application of Fatigue Testing / Creep, Stress Rupture, and Stress Corrosion / Evaluation of Creep Behavior / Summary / Glossary / Problems 8. Strain Hardening and Annealing Introduction / Relationship of Cold Working to the Stress-Strain Curve / Strain-Hardening Mechanisms / Properties Versus Percent Cold Work / Microstructure, Texture Strengthening, and Residual Stresses / Characteristics of Cold Working / The Three Stages of Annealing / Control of Annealing / Annealing and Materials Processing / Hot Working / Summary / Glossary / Problems 9. Principles of Solidification Introduction / Technological Significance / Nucleation / Growth Mechanisms / Cooling Curves / Cast Structure / Solidification Defects / Casting Processes for Manufacturing Components / Continuous Casting, Ingot Casting, and Single Crystal Growth / Solidification of Polymers and Inorganic Glasses / Joining of Metallic Materials / Summary / Glossary / Problems 10. Solid Solutions and Phase Equilibrium Introduction / Phases and the Phase Diagram / Solubility and Solid Solutions / Conditions for Unlimited Solid Solubility / Solid-Solution Strengthening / Isomorphous Phase Diagrams / Relationship Between Properties and the Phase Diagram / Solidification of a Solid-Solution Alloy / Summary / Glossary / Problems 11. Dispersion Strengthening and Eutectic Phase Diagram Introduction / Principles and Examples of Dispersion Strengthening / Intermetallic Compounds / Phase Diagrams Containing Three-Phase Reactions / The Eutectic Phase Diagram / Strength of Eutectic Alloys / Eutectics and Materials Processing / Nonequilibrium Freezing in the Eutectic System / Summary / Glossary / Problems 12. Dispersion Strengthening by Phase Transformations and Heat Treatment Introduction / Nucleation and Growth in Solid-State Reactions / Alloys Strengthened by Exceeding the Solubility Limit / Age or Precipitation Hardening / Applications of Age-Hardened Alloys / Microstructural Evolution in Age or Precipitation Hardening / Effects of Aging Temperature and Time / Requirements for Age Hardening / Use of Age-Hardenable Alloys at High Temperatures / The Eutectoid Reaction / Controlling the Eutectoid Reaction / The Martensitic Reaction and Tempering / Summary / Glossary / Problems 13. Heat Treatment of Steels and Cast Irons Introduction / Designation and Classifications for Steels / Simple Heat Treatments / Isothermal Heat Treatments / Quench and Temper Heat Treatments / Effect of Alloying Elements / Application of Hardenability / Special Steels / Surface Treatments / Weldability of Steel / Stainless Steels / Cast Irons / Summary / Glossary / Problems 14. Nonferrous Alloys Introduction / Aluminum Alloys / Magnesium and Beryllium Alloys / Copper Alloys / Nickel and Cobalt Alloys / Titanium Alloys / Refractory and Precious Metals / Summary / Glossary / Problems 15. Ceramic Materials Introduction / Applications of Ceramics / Properties of Ceramics / Synthesis and Processing of Ceramic Powders / Characteristics of Sintered Ceramics / Inorganic Glasses / Glass-Ceramics / Processing and Applications of Clay Products / Refractories / Other Ceramic Materials / Summary / Glossary / Problems 16. Polymers Introduction / Classification of Polymers / Addition and Condensation Polymerization / Degree of Polymerization / Typical Thermoplastics / Structure-Property Relationships in Thermoplastics / Effect of Temperature on Thermoplastics / Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastics / Elastomers (Rubbers) / Thermosetting Polymers / Adhesives / Polymer Processing and Recycling / Summary / Glossary / Problems 17. Composites: Teamwork and Synergy in Materials Introduction / Dispersion-Strengthened Composites / Particulate Composites / Fiber-Reinforced Composites / Characteristics of Fiber-Reinforced Composites / Manufacturing Fibers and Composites / Fiber-Reinforced Systems and Applications / Laminar Composite Materials / Examples and Applications of Laminar Composites / Sandwich Structures / Summary / Glossary / Problems Appendix A: Selected Physical Properties of Metals Appendix B: The Atomic and Ionic Radii of Selected Elements Answers to Selected Problems Index