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9780387338187
Quantum Imaging / Edition 1 available in Hardcover
- ISBN-10:
- 0387338187
- ISBN-13:
- 9780387338187
- Pub. Date:
- 10/25/2006
- Publisher:
- Springer New York
- ISBN-10:
- 0387338187
- ISBN-13:
- 9780387338187
- Pub. Date:
- 10/25/2006
- Publisher:
- Springer New York
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Overview
Quantum Imaging is a newly born branch of quantum optics that investigates the ultimate performance limits of optical imaging allowed by the laws of quantum mechanics. Using the methods and techniques from quantum optics, quantum imaging addresses the questions of image formation, processing and detection with sensitivity and resolution exceeding the limits of classical imaging. This book contains the most important theoretical and experimental results achieved by the researchers of the Quantum Imaging network, a research programme of the European Community.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9780387338187 |
---|---|
Publisher: | Springer New York |
Publication date: | 10/25/2006 |
Edition description: | 2007 |
Pages: | 316 |
Product dimensions: | 6.10(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.04(d) |
Table of Contents
Quantum Imaging with Continuous Variables Luigi A. Lugiato Alessandra Gatti Enrico Brambilla 1
Introduction 1
The Concepts of Squeezing and of Entanglement with Continuous Variables, and Their Intrinsic Connection 2
Prototype Model I 2
Prototype Model II 3
Intrinsic Relation Between Squeezing and Entanglement 5
Spatially Multimode Parametric Down-Conversion: Some Topics in Quantum Imaging 7
Spatially Multimode Versus Single-Mode Squeezing: Optical Parametric Down-Conversion of Type-I 7
Near-Field/Far-Field Duality in Type-I OPAs 8
Detection of Weak Amplitude or Phase Objects Beyond the Standard Quantum Limit 11
Image Amplification by Parametric Down-Conversion (Type-I) 12
References 14
Spatial Entanglement in Optical Parametric Down-Conversion Alessandra Gatti Enrico Brambilla Ottavia Jedrkiewicz Luigi A. Lugiato 17
Introduction 17
Simultaneous Near-Field and Far-Field Spatial Quantum Correlation in the High-Gain Regime of Type-II Parametric Down-Conversion 17
Propagation Equations for the Signal-Idler Fields and Input-Output Relations 17
Near- and Far-FieldCorrelations in the Stationary and Plane-Wave Pump Approximation 22
Near- and Far-Field Correlations: Numerical Results in the General Case 25
Far-Field Correlations 25
Near-Field Correlations 26
Detection of Sub-Shot-Noise Spatial Correlations in High-Gain Parametric Down-Conversion 28
Detection of the Spatial Features of the Far-Field PDC Radiation by Means of the CCD 29
Experimental Set-Up for Spatial-Correlations Measurements 30
Detection of Quantum Spatial Correlations: Spatial Analogue of Photon Antibunching in Time 33
Multiphoton, Multimode Polarization Entanglement in Parametric Down-Conversion 38
References 43
Quantum Imaging in the Continuous-Wave Regime Using Degenerate Optical Cavities Agnes Maitre Nicolas Treps Claude Fabre 47
Introduction 47
Classical Imaging Properties of Degenerate Optical Cavities 47
Introduction 47
Cavity Round-Trip Transform 48
Image Transmission Through an Optical Cavity 50
Theory of Optical Parametric Oscillation in a Degenerate Cavity 52
Classical Behavior 52
Quantum Properties 54
Experimental Results 57
Classical Effects: Observation of Optical Patterns 58
Observation of Quantum Correlations in Images 59
Conclusion 63
References 63
Quantum Imaging by Synthesis of Multimode Quantum Light Nicolas Treps Hans A. Bachor Ping Koy Lam Claude Fabre 67
Introduction 67
Quantum Noise in an Arraylike Detection 68
Implementing a Sub-Shot-Noise Array Detection 70
The Quantum Laser Pointer 71
Optical Read-Out 73
Measuring a Signal in an Optimal Way 76
Conclusion 77
References 78
Ghost Imaging Alessandra Gatti Enrico Brambilla Morten Bache Luigi A. Lugiato 79
Introduction 79
General Theory of Ghost Imaging with Entangled Beams 81
Specific Imaging Schemes 83
Wave-Particle Aspect 85
Spatial Average in Ghost Diffraction: Increase of Spatial Bandwidth and of Speed in Retrieval 87
Ghost Imaging with Homodyne Detection 88
Debate: Is Quantum Entanglement Really Necessary for Ghost Imaging? 90
Ghost Imaging by Split Thermallike Beams: Theory [15-17] 92
Analogy Between Thermal and Entangled Beams in Ghost Imaging [15-17] 93
Resolution Aspects 95
Relations with the Classic Hanburry-Brown and Twiss Correlation Technique [37] 95
Correlation Aspects 96
Visibility Aspects 98
Some Historical Considerations 100
Rule-of-Thumb Comparison Between Entangled and "Thermal" Ghost Imaging 100
Ghost Imaging with Split Thermal Beams: Experiment 101
High-Resolution Ghost Imaging [23] 102
The Ghost Diffraction Experiment: Complementarity Between Coherence and Correlation [24] 107
References 110
Quantum Limits of Optical Super-Resolution Mikhail I. Kolobov 113
Super-Resolution in Classical Optics 113
Quantum Theory of Super-Resolution 115
Quantum Theory of Optical Imaging 115
Quantum Theory of Optical Fourier Microscopy 119
Quantum Limits in Reconstruction of Optical Objects 121
Reconstruction of Classical Noise-Free Objects 121
Reconstruction of Objects with Quantum Fluctuations 126
Point-Spread Function for Super-Resolving Reconstruction of Objects 128
Squeezed-Light Source for Microscopy with Super-Resolution 132
References 138
Noiseless Amplification of Optical Images Mikhail I. Kolobov Eric Lantz 141
Introduction 141
Traveling-Wave Scheme for Amplification of Images 142
Optimum Phase Matching for Parametric Amplification 145
Quantum Fluctuations in the Amplified Image and Conditions for Noiseless Amplification 149
Experimental Demonstration of Temporally Noiseless Image Amplification 155
Experiment on Spatially Noiseless Amplification of Images 158
References 164
Optical Image Processing in Second-Harmonic Generation Pierre Scotto Pere Colet Adrian Jacobo Maxi San Miguel 167
Introduction 167
Image Processing in Second-Harmonic Generation at a Classical Level 168
Frequency Up-Conversion of an Image 171
Contrast Enhancement and Contour Recognition 172
Noise Filtering Properties 174
Quantum Image Processing in Type-I Second-Harmonic Generation 175
Field-Operator Dynamics 176
Quantum Image Processing 181
Quantum Image Processing in Type-II Second-Harmonic Generation 188
Propagation Equations 189
Linearly y-Polarized Pump: Frequency Addition Regime 192
45[Characters not reproducible]-Linearly Polarized Pump: Noiseless Up-Conversion and Amplification 193
References 199
Transverse Distribution of Quantum Fluctuations in Free-Space Spatial Solitons Eric Lantz Nicolas Treys Claude Fabre 201
Introduction 201
General Method 202
Propagation Equations for the Fluctuations 202
Green's Function Approach 203
Correlations Between the Photocurrents 204
Spatial Solitons: Mean Values 205
X[superscript (3)] Scalar Spatial Soliton 205
X[superscript (3)] Vector Spatial Soliton 206
X[superscript (2)] Spatial Soliton 206
Squeezing on the Total Beam 208
X[superscript (3)] Scalar Spatial Soliton 208
X[superscript (3)] Vector Soliton: Total Beam Squeezing and Correlation Between Polarizations 208
X[superscript (3)] Spatial Solitons 210
Local Quantum Fluctuations 211
X[superscript (3)] Scalar Spatial Soliton 211
Intensity Squeezing by Spatial Filtering 214
X[superscript (3)] Vector Soliton 215
Quantum Correlations Between Field Quadratures at Different Points 216
X[superscript (3)] Scalar Spatial Soliton 216
Vector Solitons 216
X[superscript (2)] Spatial Solitons 217
Conclusion 218
References 218
Quantum Fluctuations in Cavity Solitons Gian-Luca Oppo John Jeffers 221
Introduction 221
Cavity Solitons in Degenerate Optical Parametric Oscillators 222
Spatial Equations and Domain Walls with Oscillatory Tails 223
Cavity Solitons Formed by Locked Domain Walls 223
Quantum Fluctuations in DOPO 226
Wigner Representation 226
Q-Representation 227
Arrays of CS Induced by Quantum Fluctuations 227
Quantum Features in the Near and the Far Field of CS 231
Quantum Correlations of CS in the Near Field 231
Quantum Correlations of CS in the Far Field 233
Conclusions and Acknowledgments 236
References 236
Quantum Holographic Teleportation and Dense Coding of Optical Images Ivan V. Sokolov 239
Introduction 239
Continuous-Variable Squeezing and Entanglement for Spatially Multimode Light Fields 240
Spatial Scales of Quantum Correlations in Squeezed Light 240
Spatially Multimode Entanglement 243
Quantum Holographic Teleportation of Optical Images 244
Basics of Quantum Teleportation 245
Optical Scheme for Quantum Teleportation of Images 246
Quantum Statistics of the Teleported Field 247
Global and Reduced Fidelity of Holographic Teleportation 254
Quantum Holographic Teleportation and Holography 259
Quantum Dense Coding of Optical Images 260
Basics of Quantum Dense Coding 260
Optical Scheme for Quantum Dense Coding of Images 261
Shannon Mutual Information for Images 264
Channel Capacity 266
Conclusions and Outlook 270
Properties of Spatially Multimode Squeezing 271
Homodyne Detection with Spatial Resolution 273
References 275
Orbital Angular Momentum of Light Stephen M. Barnett Roberta Zambrini 277
Introduction 277
Angular Momentum in Electromagnetism 278
Spin and Orbital Angular Momentum 280
Angular Momentum in Paraxial Optics 281
Mechanical Effects 283
Beams Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum 284
Phase Singularities and Spatial Properties 284
Laguerre-Gaussian and Bessel Beams 284
Generation and Conversion 286
Other Field Spatial Profiles 289
Fractional Orbital Angular Momentum 290
Quantum Optical Angular Momentum 290
States of Spin and Orbital Angular Momentum 290
Measuring Orbital Angular Momentum 291
Angle and Angular Momentum 292
Uncertainty Relation for Angle and Angular Momentum 292
Intelligent and Minimum Uncertainty Product States 294
Communications 297
Rotation Measurements 299
Orbital Angular Momentum in Quantum Nonlinear Optics 300
Phase Matching 301
Second-Harmonic Generation of Laguerre-Gaussian Beams 302
Down-Conversion and Entanglement 304
High-Order Nonlinearity 306
Conclusion 307
References 308
Index 313
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